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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the DiaDec sample

From: PHQ-9, CES-D, health insurance data—who is identified with depression? A Population-based study in persons with diabetes

 

n (%), mean ± SD, median

Sample size, n

1,579

Age, years, n = 1579

67·0 ± 9·9,

69·0

Sex, female, n = 1579

597 (37·8)

Origin, Germany n = 1577

1,397 (88·6)

Family status, in a relationship, n = 1556

1,306 (83·9)

Marital status, n = 1573

 

 Married

1,188 (75·5)

 Divorce/separated

112 (7·1)

 Widowed

195 (12·4)

Employment status, employed, n = 1547

402 (26·0)

Retirement status, retired, n = 1564

1,089 (69·6)

Level of education, ISCED ≥ 14 years, n = 1570

337 (21·5)

Diabetes duration in years, n = 1533

11·0 ± 8·3,

9·0

Type of Diabetes, n = 1566

 

 Type 1 Diabetes

128 (8·2)

 Type 2 Diabetes

1,345 (85·9)

 Type unknown/other

93 (5·9)

Diabetes severity aDCSI, n = 1579

3·0 ± 2·2,

3·0

Number of comorbidities, n = 1579

3·7 ± 2·1,

3·0

Treatment, n = 1579

 

 Taking insulin

486 (30·8)

 Taking oral antihyperglycemic drugs

1,071 (67·8)

 Taking antidepressants

276 (17·5)

Health care costs for 2 years, €, n = 1579

10,123·0 ± 13,188·2,

6,112·7

Health related Quality of Life$, n = 1544

 

 physical component summary scale of the SF-12 (PCS-12)

41·7 ± 10·9,

43·5

 mental component summary scale of the SF-12 (MCS-12)

50·1 ± 10·5,

53·3

Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID), n = 1512

19·4 ± 17·6,

14.0

Previous depression, n (%) (self-reported), n = 1575

 

 Yes

225 (14·3)

 No

1,041 (66·1)

 unknown

309 (19·6)

  1. Percentages of categorical variables computed with respect to the total number of subjects within the sample
  2. SD = standard deviation
  3. $ range from 0 to 100, zero indicates the lowest level of health measured by the scales and 100 indicates the highest level of health
  4. Possible score can range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater diabetes-related emotional distress