Table 3 Baseline characteristics of patients with hyperglycaemic crisis in the training set by clinical outcomes
Variables | Survival group (n = 226) | Nonsurvival group (n = 31) |  |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | Â | Â | Â |
Age, years | 54.5 (37.0, 67.3) | 79.5 (65.0, 86.3) |  < 0.001 |
Sex, % | Â | Â | 0.194 |
 Male | 137 (60.6) | 15 (48.4) |  |
 Female | 89 (39.4) | 16 (51.6) |  |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.8 (20.2, 25.0) | 17.5 (20.7, 25.0) | 0.076 |
Diabetes type, % | Â | Â | 0.015 |
 Type 1 | 37 (16.4) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 Type 2 | 189 (83.6) | 31 (100.0) |  |
Clinical and laboratory data | |||
Blood glucose, mmol/L | 30.1 (20.2, 33.3) | 33.3 (33.3, 38.4) |  < 0.001 |
β-hydroxybutyrate, mmol/L | 4.13 (1.51, 6.20) | 3.05 (0.48, 4.60) | 0.045 |
Hemoglobin A1c, % | 11.8 (10.2, 13.6) | 10.6 (8.6, 12.5) | 0.038 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.89 (1.31, 3.11) | 2.10 (1.40, 2.71) | 0.386 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.80 (3.78, 6.26) | 4.39 (3.80, 6.30) | 0.675 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.52 (1.73, 3.35) | 2.86 (2.01, 3.74) | 0.159 |
Serum creatinine, umol/L | 75.5 (56.8, 131.3) | 165.0 (87.2, 334.8) |  < 0.001 |
Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 7.50 (5.18, 13.31) | 19.5 (11.0, 28.2) |  < 0.001 |
Cystatin C, mg/L | 1.10 (0.69, 1.88) | 1.88 (1.28, 3.64) |  < 0.001 |
Creatine kinase, U/L | 50.0 (25.0, 85.1) | 32.8 (5.8, 139.8) | 0.306 |
Cardiac troponin I, μg/L | 58.5 (30.3, 109.0) | 44.0 (20.5, 177.8) | 0.477 |
CKMB, U/L | 87.0 (55.0, 187.0) | 150.0 (76.5, 571.3) | 0.008 |
Alanine aminotransferase, IU/L | 0.01 (0.00, 0.03) | 0.04 (0.00, 0.10) | 0.021 |
Aspartate aminotransferase, IU/L | 18.0 (12.0, 28.0) | 19.0 (14.0, 31.0) | 0.200 |
C-reactive protein, mmol/L | 7.90 (3.81, 47.45) | 19.1 (4.8, 145.0) | 0.048 |
Procalcitonin, ng/ml | 0.40 (0.05, 2.14) | 0.71 (0.11, 6.80) | 0.063 |
White blood cells, × 109/L | 10.5 (6.7, 14.6) | 12.7 (7.1, 17.8) | 0.271 |
Percentage of neutrophils, % | 83.7 (73.9, 89.7) | 84.1 (76.7, 93.4) | 0.136 |
Lymphocyte, × 109/L | 1.08 (0.63, 1.60) | 1.00 (0.54, 1.50) | 0.513 |
Platelet, × 109/L | 202.0 (153.0, 261.5) | 179.0 (133.5, 207.3) | 0.085 |
Serum sodium, mmol/L | 140.3 (134.7, 148.2) | 149.0 (142.5, 159.4) | 0.001 |
Serum potassium, mmol/L | 4.03 (3.68, 4.66) | 4.02 (3.62, 4.75) | 0.759 |
Serum chloride, mmol/L | 99.9 (95.6, 105.5) | 102.5 (96.8, 111.7) | 0.220 |
PH | 7.30 (7.22, 7.37) | 7.38 (7.25, 7.41) | 0.030 |
Base excess, mmol/L | − 7.50 (− 2.70, − 16.43) | − 7.00 (− 2.50, − 12.00) | 0.682 |
HCO3−, mmol/L | 14.6 (7.8, 18.0) | 17.6 (13.8, 21.2) | 0.031 |
Effective serum osmolality, mOsm/kg | 310.2 (292.0, 330.3) | 327.0 (322.0, 353.0) |  < 0.001 |
Medical history | Â | Â | Â |
Infection, n (%) | 122 (54.0) | 25 (80.6) | 0.005 |
Septic shock, n (%) | 5 (2.2) | 2 (6.5) | 0.174 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 57 (25.2) | 9 (29.0) | 0.649 |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 24 (10.6) | 5 (16.1) | 0.363 |
Heart failure, n (%) | 10 (4.4) | 2 (6.5) | 0.616 |
Cerebral infarction, n (%) | 32 (14.2) | 12 (38.7) | 0.001 |
Dementia, n (%) | 3 (1.3) | 2 (6.5) | 0.053 |
Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 34 (15.0) | 9 (29.0) | 0.050 |
Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 6 (2.7) | 2 (6.5) | 0.254 |
Tumor, n (%) | 3 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.519 |