Table 2 Baseline characteristics stratified by DM status and preprocedural PNI level
Variable | Non-DM/H-PNI (n = 4217) | Non-DM/L-PNI (n = 1256) | DM/H-PNI (n = 3130) | DM/L-PNI (n = 826) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |||||
 Sex (Women) | 835 (19.80) | 318 (25.32) | 784 (25.05) | 225 (27.24) |  < 0.001 |
 Age, years | 56 [49, 63] | 62 [55, 70] | 58 [51, 65] | 64 [58, 71] |  < 0.001 |
  ≥ 65 | 872 (20.68) | 528 (42.04) | 835 (26.68) | 388 (46.97) |  < 0.001 |
 BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 [23.9, 27.8] | 25.0 [22.9, 26.8] | 26.2 [24.2, 28.3] | 25.7 [23.7, 27.7] |  < 0.001 |
  ≥ 25 | 2555 (60.59) | 619 (49.28) | 2088 (66.71) | 480 (58.11) |  < 0.001 |
 Current smoking | 2497 (59.21) | 672 (53.50) | 1750 (55.91) | 444 (53.75) |  < 0.001 |
Clinical characteristics | |||||
 Clinical presentation |  < 0.001 | ||||
 ACS | 1744 (41.36) | 424 (33.76) | 1409 (45.02) | 269 (32.57) |  |
 CCS | 2473 (58.64) | 832 (66.24) | 1721 (54.98) | 557 (67.43) |  |
 Hypertension | 2793 (66.23) | 852 (67.83) | 2294 (73.29) | 637 (77.12) |  < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidemia | 3085 (73.16) | 861 (68.55) | 2526 (80.70) | 649 (78.57) |  < 0.001 |
 Peripheral artery disease | 88 (2.09) | 26 (2.07) | 105 (3.35) | 33 (4.00) |  < 0.001 |
 COPD | 84 (1.99) | 45 (3.58) | 63 (2.01) | 28 (3.39) | 0.001 |
 Previous revascularization | 947 (22.46) | 311 (24.76) | 927 (29.62) | 283 (34.26) |  < 0.001 |
 Previous MI | 772 (18.31) | 229 (18.23) | 634 (20.26) | 191 (23.12) | 0.004 |
 Previous stroke | 359 (8.51) | 131 (10.43) | 359 (11.47) | 141 (17.07) |  < 0.001 |
Medication at admission | |||||
 Aspirin | 4174 (98.98) | 1230 (97.93) | 3097 (98.95) | 814 (98.55) | 0.018 |
 Clopidogrel | 4209 (99.81) | 1253 (99.76) | 3126 (99.87) | 824 (99.76) | 0.822 |
 Statins | 4060 (96.28) | 1222 (97.29) | 2985 (95.37) | 784 (94.92) | 0.007 |
 β-blockers | 3761 (89.19) | 1114 (88.69) | 2872 (91.76) | 746 (90.31) |  < 0.001 |
 ACEIs/ARBs | 2048 (48.57) | 622 (49.52) | 1772 (56.61) | 487 (58.96) |  < 0.001 |
Preprocedural laboratory tests | |||||
 ALC, 109/L | 2.00 [1.64, 2.38] | 1.46 [1.20, 1.71] | 2.04 [1.67, 2.49] | 1.47 [1.19, 1.74] |  < 0.001 |
 Serum albumin, g/L | 44.20 [41.70, 46.70] | 38.60 [37.1, 40.00] | 44.10 [41.50, 46.70] | 38.40 [36.70, 40.08] |  < 0.001 |
 PNI | 54.00 [51.35, 57.00] | 46.25 [44.55, 47.45] | 54.25 [51.50, 57.33] | 46.15 [44.31, 47.45] |  < 0.001 |
 hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.40 [0.72, 2.99] | 1.74 [0.82, 4.69] | 1.72 [0.87, 3.54] | 2.27 [0.98, 9.15] |  < 0.001 |
 Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.13 [4.80, 5.54] | 4.95 [4.63, 5.34] | 7.04 [5.90, 8.45] | 6.74 [5.50, 8.40] |  < 0.001 |
 Glycated hemoglobin, % | 5.9 [5.7, 6.2] | 6.0 [5.7, 6.2] | 7.2 [6.7, 8.2] | 7.2 [6.6, 8.2] |  < 0.001 |
 eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 119.16 [104.99, 133.64] | 115.59 [101.22, 132.21] | 118.23 [102.19, 133.70] | 114.85 [94.54, 131.67] |  < 0.001 |
  ≤ 60 | 21 (0.50) | 11 (0.88) | 29 (0.93) | 31 (3.75) |  < 0.001 |
 LVEF, % | 64 [60, 68] | 63 [60, 68] | 64 [60, 67] | 62 [58, 66] |  < 0.001 |
  < 40 | 35 (0.83) | 17 (1.35) | 30 (0.96) | 20 (2.42) |  < 0.001 |
Angiographic characteristics | |||||
 LM/TVD | 166 (3.94) | 55 (4.38) | 140 (4.47) | 51 (6.17) | 0.038 |
 SYNTAX score | 9 [6, 16] | 10 [6, 17] | 10 [6, 17] | 11 [6, 19] |  < 0.001 |
SYNTAX category |  < 0.001 | ||||
  ≤ 22 | 3794 (89.97) | 1122 (89.33) | 2757 (88.08) | 694 (84.02) |  |
 22–32 | 359 (8.51) | 111 (8.84) | 315 (10.06) | 108 (13.08) |  |
   ≥ 33 | 64 (1.52) | 23 (1.83) | 58 (1.85) | 24 (2.91) |  |
 DES implantation | 4031 (95.59) | 1185 (94.35) | 2968 (94.82) | 766 (92.74) | 0.005 |