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Table 1 Pre-gestational, pregnancy, and postpartum data of puerperal women according to the diagnosis of GDM

From: The gut microbiome of obese postpartum women with and without previous gestational diabetes mellitus and the gut microbiota of their babies

Pre-gestational and pregnancy data

Controls (n = 44)

GDM (n = 40)

p

Age (years)

28.1 (6.1)

33.2 (5.9)

0.01

Caucasian, n (%)

21 (49)

14 (35)

0.18

Schooling, n (%)

  

0.59

 Up to 7 years

1 (2.3)

4 (10.0)

 

 8–13 years

30 (69.8)

25 (62.5)

 

 ≥ 14 years

12 (27.9)

11 (27.5)

 

Number of pregnancies, n (%)

  

0.04

 1 pregnancy

17 (39.5)

8 (20.0)

 

 2 pregnancies

16 (37.2)

8 (25.0)

 

 3 or more pregnancies

10 (23.3)

22 (55.0)

 

Family history of DM, n (%)

12 (27.9)

16 (41.0)

0.21

Pre-gestational physical activity ≥ 150 min per week, n (%)

11 (255.)

6 (15.0)

0.06

Pre-gestational BMI (kg/m2)

29.4 (3.9)

29.8 (3.7)

0.66

Gestational weight gain (kg)

10.4 (6.5)

8.8 (5.0)

0.49

Tobacco use during pregnancy, n (%)

1 (2.4)

2 (5.0)

0.53

Arterial hypertension in pregnancy, n (%)

2 (4.8)

8 (20.0)

0.03

Preeclampsia or eclampsia in pregnancy, n (%)

0

2 (5)

–

Gestational age of delivery (weeks)

39.0 (1.1)

38.3 (1.5)

0.26

Natural birth, n (%)

24 (57.1)

20 (50.0)

0.52

Prematurity < 37 weeks, n (%)

0

3 (0.07)

–

Postpartum data

   

BMI (kg/m2)

29.3 (3.8)

29.5 (3.7)

0.66

Waist circumference (cm)

93.9 (9.1)

92.3 (8.1)

0.53

Systolic BP (mmHg)

112 (10)

116 (9)

0.38

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

73 (8)

75 (6)

0.29

Fasting glycemia (mg/dL)

88.3 (9.0)

94.3 (1.9)

0.16

2 h OGTT glycemia (mg/dL)

98.5 (19.0)

116.3 (38.5)

0.02

Fasting insulinemia (mU/L)

11.5 (5.9)

11.2 (6.4)

0.69

2 h OGTT insulinemia (mU/L)

42.9 (35.2)

53.4 (35.7)

0.46

HbA1c (%)

5.3 (0.3)

5.6 (0.4)

0.02

Total colesterol (mg/dL)

186.1 (30.1)

208.0 (50.6)

0.07

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

54.6 (10.9)

56.9 (11.7)

0.75

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

110.7 (27.0)

126.6 (45.3)

0.01

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

105.1 (59.3)

112.7 (52.1)

0.75

GamaGT (ng/mL)

23.1 (17.9)

27.4 (22.9)

0.41

  1. Student t-test (continuous variables) or chi-square (qualitative variables) were used. Values are mean (SD) or n (%)
  2. BMI body mass index, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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