Table 3 Explorative mediation analysis of the direct and indirect effects of glucose on mortality; the average causal mediation effect (ACME) and the average direct effect (ADE) represent the estimated averages of the mediation and direct effects, respectively
From: Predictive markers for clinical outcomes in a cohort of diabetic patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Mediator | ACME (95% CI) | P | ADE (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
WBC (× 103/μL) | − 5.3 (− 14.8 to 0.10) | 0.054 | − 45.7 (− 90.4 to − 15.9) | 0.001 |
Absolute neutrophil count (× 103/μL) | − 10.0 (− 24.6 to − 1.6) | 0.007 | − 31.8 (− 63.3 to − 6.5) | 0.011 |
Absolute lymphocyte count (× 103/μL) | − 8.6 (− 36.1 to 9.8) | 0.4 | − 50.5 (− 101.0 to − 17.4) | 0.003 |
Absolute monocyte count (× 103/μL) | 0.0 (− 1.9 to 2) | 1 | − 37.6 (− 69.1 to − 15.0) | 0.001 |
Absolute eosinophil count (× 103/μL) | − 23.1 (− 98.3 to 2.4) | 0.1 | − 50.0 (− 123.4 to − 15.7) | 0.004 |
Absolute basophil count (× 103/μL) | 0.7 (− 3.2 to 5.8) | 0.8 | − 39.5 (− 74.3 to − 15.6) |  < 0.001 |
NLR | − 4.1 (− 13.3 to 2.1) | 0.2 | − 39.0 (− 73.7 to − 13.7) | 0.001 |
PLT (× 103/μL) | 0.1 (− 4.7 to 5.3) | 1 | − 48.1 (− 91.3 to − 19.1) |  < 0.001 |
D–Dimer (ng/mL) | − 0.3 (− 5.8 to 4.3) | 0.9 | − 41.5 (− 97.5 to − 4.7) | 0.022 |
Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | − 1.2 (− 6.2 to 2.2) | 0.5 | − 40.0 (− 81.3 to − 12.3) | 0.002 |
CRP (mg/L) | − 9.4 (− 21.6 to − 0.9) | 0.029 | − 40.4 (− 74.6 to − 16.2) |  < 0.001 |
PCT (ng/mL) | − 1.8 (− 4.7 to 0.0) | 0.042 | − 27.0 (− 53.0 to − 6.3) | 0.009 |
Ferritin (μg/L) | − 1.6 (− 6.6 to 1.3) | 0.3 | − 31.3 (− 57.5 to − 12.0) |  < 0.001 |
LDH (U/L) | − 5.8 (− 14.7 to 0.9) | 0.09 | − 30.6 (− 62.3 to − 8.3) | 0.003 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | − 0.3 (− 3.2 to 2.3) | 0.8 | − 43.0 (− 80.8 to − 16.5) |  < 0.001 |
eGFR–CDK-EPI (ml/min × 1.73 m2) | 1.0 (− 4.1 to 6.9) | 0.7 | − 48.5 (− 94.3 to − 18.3) |  < 0.001 |