Characteristic | Cardiovascular health metrics | P–value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unfavorable | Intermediate | Favorable | Â | |
n (%) | 16,585 (48.87) | 15,549 (45.82) | 1800 (5.30) | Â |
Age, mean (SD), year | 59.52 (7.13) | 59.3 (7.34) | 57.84 (8.04) | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 11,129 (67.10) | 8034 (51.67) | 468 (26.00) | < 0.001 |
Education level, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 College or University | 3562 (21.48) | 4260 (27.4) | 756 (42) | < 0.001 |
 Upper secondary | 1497 (9.03) | 1542 (9.92) | 197 (10.94) |  |
 Lower secondary | 4137 (24.94) | 3922 (25.22) | 419 (23.28) |  |
 Vocational | 1482 (8.94) | 1252 (8.05) | 82 (4.56) |  |
 Other | 5907 (35.62) | 4573 (29.41) | 346 (19.22) |  |
Socioeconomic status, n (%)a |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 High | 2351 (14.18) | 2673 (17.19) | 413 (22.94) |  |
 Middle | 8956 (54) | 8969 (57.68) | 1083 (60.17) |  |
 Low | 5278 (31.82) | 3907 (25.13) | 304 (16.89) |  |
Ethnicity, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 White | 14,992 (90.39) | 13,424 (86.33) | 1601 (88.94) |  |
 Asian | 806 (4.86) | 1027 (6.6) | 98 (5.44) |  |
 Black | 420 (2.53) | 623 (4.01) | 37 (2.06) |  |
 Other | 367 (2.21) | 475 (3.05) | 64 (3.56) |  |
Current employment status, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.249 |
 Worked | 9392 (56.63) | 8889 (57.17) | 1021 (56.72) |  |
 Retired | 5577 (33.63) | 5121 (32.93) | 591 (32.83) |  |
 Unemployed | 280 (1.69) | 274 (1.76) | 45 (2.5) |  |
 Other | 1336 (8.06) | 1265 (8.14) | 143 (7.94) |  |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Excessive | 8416 (50.81) | 7303 (47.03) | 788 (43.78) |  |
 Never/moderate | 8147 (49.19) | 8225 (52.97) | 1012 (56.22) |  |
Smoking status, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Smoker | 11,639 (70.48) | 3978 (25.63) | 190 (10.56) |  |
 Non–smoker | 4874 (29.52) | 11,542 (74.37) | 1610 (89.44) |  |
Physical activity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Inactive | 11,293 (77.89) | 4759 (32.57) | 250 (14.2) | < 0.001 |
 Active | 3205 (22.11) | 9853 (67.43) | 1511 (85.8) |  |
Diet, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Unhealthy | 13,471 (82.22) | 5678 (36.74) | 262 (14.58) |  |
 Healthy | 2914 (17.78) | 9778 (63.26) | 1535 (85.42) |  |
BMI (kg/m2) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 25 (overweight) | 15,742 (97.75) | 12,537 (82.12) | 363 (20.34) |  |
 < 25 (non–overweight) | 362 (2.25) | 2729 (17.88) | 1422 (79.66) |  |
Sugar–sweetened beverages, n (%)b | 906 (5.46) | 843 (5.42) | 77 (4.28) | < 0.001 |
Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 6906 (41.64) | 6537 (42.04) | 581 (32.28) | < 0.001 |
DBP, median (IQR), mm Hg | 83 (76–90) | 82 (75–89) | 76 (69–84) | < 0.001 |
DBP, median (IQR), mm Hg | 143 (132–156) | 143 (131–156) | 133 (117–151) | < 0.001 |
Cholesterol, median (IQR), mmol/L | 4.6 (3.92–5.54) | 4.8 (4.04–5.69) | 4.54 (3.65–5.29) | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride, median (IQR), mmol/L | 2.00 (1.49–2.86) | 1.75 (1.25–2.49) | 1.19 (0.84–1.71) | < 0.001 |
 C–reactive protein, median (IQR), mg/L | 2.47 (1.17–4.55) | 1.88 (0.88–3.47) | 0.90 (0.46–1.89) | < 0.001 |
Serum creatinine, median (IQR), umol/L | 72.3 (63.4–83.8) | 71.2 (61.1–80.9) | 65.2 (57.6–73.8) | < 0.001 |