Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
Characteristics | All participants | Metabolic syndrome | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | P values | ||
N | 946 | 895 | 51 | |
Age (year), mean (SD) | 36.7 (12.3) | 35.9 (12.0) | 49.5 (10.7) | < 0.001 |
Sex (men) | 298 (31.5) | 271 (30.3) | 27 (52.9) | 0.001 |
Smoking | ||||
Non-smoker | 855 (90.4) | 819 (91.5) | 36 (70.6) | < 0.001 |
Smoker | 91 (9.6) | 76 (8.5) | 15 (29.4) | |
Occupation | ||||
Nurse | 285 (30.1) | 279 (31.2) | 6 (11.8) | 0.033 |
Doctor | 183 (19.3) | 171 (19.0) | 12 (23.5) | |
Administrative staff | 134 (14.2) | 125 (14.0) | 9 (17.6) | |
Allied healthcare professionals | 125 (13.2) | 119 (13.3) | 6 (11.8) | |
Others | 219 (23.2) | 201 (22.5) | 18 (35.3) | |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
Non-drinker | 355 (37.5) | 332 (37.1) | 23 (45.1) | 0.24 |
Drinker consuming | ||||
< 23 g ethanol/day | 442 (46.7) | 424 (47.4) | 18 (35.3) | |
≥ 23 g ethanol/day | 149 (15.8) | 139 (15.5) | 10 (19.6) | |
Leisure time physical activity | ||||
Non-engagement | 197 (20.8) | 185 (20.7) | 12 (23.5) | 0.49 |
< 150 min/week | 657 (69.5) | 625 (69.8) | 32 (62.7) | |
≥ 150 min/week | 92 (9.7) | 85 (9.5) | 7 (13.7) | |
Comorbidities (any of the below) | 29 (3.1) | 25 (2.8) | 4 (7.8) | 0.11 |
Lung disease | 18 (1.9) | 16 (1.8) | 2 (3.9) | 0.57 |
Heart disease | 5 (0.5) | 4 (0.4) | 1 (2.0) | 0.64 |
Cancer | 6 (0.6) | 5 (0.6) | 1 (2.0) | 0.75 |
History of SARS-Cov-2 infection a | 5 (0.5) | 5 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | - |
Vaccine-to-IgG time, median (range) b | 67 (15–103) | 67 (15–103) | 69 (35–98) | 0.009 |
SARS-Cov-2 spike antibody titer (AU/mL), median (P25-P75) | 5588 (3346, 9550) | 5746 (3443, 9736) | 2986 (1729, 5973) | < 0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 21.6 (3.2) | 21.4 (3.0) | 26.6 (3.7) | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 76.5 (10.0) | 75.6 (9.3) | 92.8 (9.4) | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 117.4 (13.0) | 116.7 (12.7) | 130.4 (11.6) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 69.4 (10.0) | 68.9 (9.7) | 79.2 (9.9) | < 0.001 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 86.6 (16.2) | 85.0 (7.7) | 114.5 (55.2) | < 0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 70.1 (15.4) | 70.9 (15.0) | 55.9 (15.7) | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (P25-P75) | 62.5 (44.0, 88.8) | 61.0 (44.0, 85.0) | 167.0 (100.5, 221.0) | < 0.001 |
Use of lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 38 (4.0) | 14 (1.6) | 24 (47.1) | < 0.001 |
Use of antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 50 (5.3) | 24 (2.7) | 26 (51.0) | < 0.001 |
Use of antidiabetic medication, n (%) | 14 (1.5) | 2 (0.2) | 12 (23.5) | < 0.001 |