From: Relationship between cognitive function in individuals with diabetic foot ulcer and mortality
Variable | Total N = 90 | Alive N = 51 | Dead N = 39 | P valuef |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
 Male | 68 (75.6) | 39 (76.5) | 29 (74.4) | 0.817 |
 Female | 22 (24.4) | 12 (23.5) | 10 (25.6) | |
Age (years) | 58.3 ± 7.0 | 56.4 ± 6.8 | 60.8 ± 6.3 | 0.002 |
Years of Education | 12.5 ± 3.0 | 12.8 ± 3.3 | 12.6 ± 2.9 | 0.754 |
Diabetes durationa (years) | 15.2 ± 8.0 | 13.9 ± 7.6 | 17.0 ± 8.2 | 0.075 |
Dyslipidemiab | 70 (77.8) | 38 (74.5) | 32 (82.1) | 0.394 |
Hypertensionc | 72 (80.0) | 37 (72.5) | 35 (89.7) | 0.043 |
Active smoker | 21 (23.3) | 16 (31.4) | 5 (12.8) | 0.039 |
Ischemic heart disease | 40 (44.4) | 15 (29.4) | 25 (64.1) | 0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 64 (71.1) | 34 (66.7) | 30 (76.9) | 0.287 |
Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) | 8.8 ± 2.1 | 8.6 ± 2.0 | 9.2 ± 2.4 | 0.231 |
Insulin use | 72 (80.0) | 41 (80.4) | 31 (79.5) | 0.915 |
Use of statins | 65 (72.2) | 34 (66.7) | 31 (79.5) | 0.178 |
Use of aspirin | 60 (66.7) | 28 (54.9) | 32 (82.1) | 0.007 |
Retinopathy | 47 (52.2) | 22 (43.1) | 25 (64.1) | 0.049 |
Nephropathy | 34 (37.8) | 9 (17.6) | 25 (64.1) |  < .0001 |
Neuropathy | 80 (88.9) | 45 (88.2) | 35 (89.7) | 0.822 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.202 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.1 ± 6.1 | 30.3 ± 5.8 | 29.9 ± 6.6 | 0.748 |
Low-density lipoproteins (mg/dL) | 74.4 ± 31.8 | 76.6 ± 34.7 | 71.6 ± 27.9 | 0.470 |
Hypoglycemia events with need for medical attention | 0.9 ± 2.4 | 1.2 ± 3.0 | 0.5 ± 1.3 | 0.179 |
Hypoglycemia events treated by patient | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 0.810 |
Diabetic foot UTSA score | 9.1 ± 4.1 | 8.8 ± 4.5 | 10.41 ± 3.5 | 0.063 |
PHQ9 Depression score | 5.9 ± 6.0 | 5.3 ± 5.8 | 6.8 ± 6.1 | 0.241 |
Diabetes-related microvasculard complications | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 0.0002 |
Diabetes-related macrovasculare complications | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 0.0003 |