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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population

From: Relationship between cognitive function in individuals with diabetic foot ulcer and mortality

Variable

Total

N = 90

Alive

N = 51

Dead

N = 39

P valuef

Sex

 Male

68 (75.6)

39 (76.5)

29 (74.4)

0.817

 Female

22 (24.4)

12 (23.5)

10 (25.6)

Age (years)

58.3 ± 7.0

56.4 ± 6.8

60.8 ± 6.3

0.002

Years of Education

12.5 ± 3.0

12.8 ± 3.3

12.6 ± 2.9

0.754

Diabetes durationa (years)

15.2 ± 8.0

13.9 ± 7.6

17.0 ± 8.2

0.075

Dyslipidemiab

70 (77.8)

38 (74.5)

32 (82.1)

0.394

Hypertensionc

72 (80.0)

37 (72.5)

35 (89.7)

0.043

Active smoker

21 (23.3)

16 (31.4)

5 (12.8)

0.039

Ischemic heart disease

40 (44.4)

15 (29.4)

25 (64.1)

0.001

Peripheral vascular disease

64 (71.1)

34 (66.7)

30 (76.9)

0.287

Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)

8.8 ± 2.1

8.6 ± 2.0

9.2 ± 2.4

0.231

Insulin use

72 (80.0)

41 (80.4)

31 (79.5)

0.915

Use of statins

65 (72.2)

34 (66.7)

31 (79.5)

0.178

Use of aspirin

60 (66.7)

28 (54.9)

32 (82.1)

0.007

Retinopathy

47 (52.2)

22 (43.1)

25 (64.1)

0.049

Nephropathy

34 (37.8)

9 (17.6)

25 (64.1)

 < .0001

Neuropathy

80 (88.9)

45 (88.2)

35 (89.7)

0.822

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.2 ± 0.7

1.1 ± 0.9

1.3 ± 0.4

0.202

Body mass index (kg/m2)

30.1 ± 6.1

30.3 ± 5.8

29.9 ± 6.6

0.748

Low-density lipoproteins (mg/dL)

74.4 ± 31.8

76.6 ± 34.7

71.6 ± 27.9

0.470

Hypoglycemia events with need for medical attention

0.9 ± 2.4

1.2 ± 3.0

0.5 ± 1.3

0.179

Hypoglycemia events treated by patient

2.6 ± 1.4

2.6 ± 1.4

2.6 ± 1.4

0.810

Diabetic foot UTSA score

9.1 ± 4.1

8.8 ± 4.5

10.41 ± 3.5

0.063

PHQ9 Depression score

5.9 ± 6.0

5.3 ± 5.8

6.8 ± 6.1

0.241

Diabetes-related microvasculard complications

1.8 ± 0.9

1.5 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.9

0.0002

Diabetes-related macrovasculare complications

2.2 ± 1.3

1.8 ± 1.1

2.8 ± 1.3

0.0003

  1. Categorical variables are shown as number and percentage and continuous variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation
  2. a Defined as time since diagnosis; b Defined as reported dyslipidemia/statin use/low-density lipoproteins > 100 mg/dl; c defined as reported hypertension/hypertension lowering medication use/systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg/diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg; d Number of complications per participant, defined as retinopathy/nephropathy/neuropathy; e Number of complications per participant, defined as myocardial infarction/angina/peripheral vascular disease; fP value by χ2 test for categorical variables or by Student’s t-test for continuous variables