Table 2 GDM outcomes dichotomous variables

Assaf-Balut et al. 2017 [17]

74/434

103/440

Med Diet

Significant reduction, P = 0.05

HA I Wattar B et al. 2019 [18]

84/477

124/497

MedDiet

Significant reduction P = 01

Sahariah SA et al. 2016 [19]

44/492

57/516

Local diet

Non-significant, P = 0.27

Barakat R et al. 2019 [20]

6/234

15/222

Exercise

Significant reduction, P = 0.033

Cordero Y et al. 2015 [21]

1/101

13/156

exercise

Significant reduction, P = 0.009

da Silva G et al. 2017 [22]

16/205

31/470

Exercise

Non-significant

Daly et al. 2017 [23]

25/44

21/44

Exercise

Non-significant, P = 0.51

Gallaway et al. 2010 [24]

5/22

3/19

Exercise

Non-significant, P = 0.29

Nobles C et al. 2015 [25]

12/124

19/127

Exercise

Non-significant, P = 0.20

Oostdam et al. 2012 [26]

7/62

11/59

Exercise

Non-significant

Ruiz et al. 2013 [27]

7/335

18/352

Exercise

Non-significant

Seneviratne et al. 2016 [28]

4/38

2/37

Exercise

Non-significant

Simmons et al. 2016 [29]

30/110

35/105

Exercise

Non-significant

Stafine et al. 2012 [30]

25/325

18/327

Exercise

Non-significant, P = 0.52

Tomic et al. 2013 [31]

3/168

14/168

Exercise

Non-significant

Wang C et al. 2017 [32]

33/150

61/150

Exercise

Significant reduction, P =  < 0.001