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Table 1 Baseline features of the study population

From: Exploration of a panel of urine biomarkers of kidney disease in two paediatric cohorts with Type 1 diabetes mellitus of differing duration

 

Short duration group

Long duration group

Healthy group

p value

Age (years)

11.8 (6.6, 12.6)

16.7 (14.7, 18.0)

11.0 (9.4, 13.4)

 < 0.0001a

Age at T1DM onset (years)

9.7 (4.5, 12.4)

3.3 (2.4, 5.1)

–

 < 0.0001

Duration of T1DM (years)

1.9 (1.1, 2.1)

12.4 (11.6, 14.0)

–

 < 0.0001

HbA1cb (mmol/mol)

49 (52, 59)

60 (51, 67)

–

0.03

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.51 ± 0.15

0.71 ± 0.13

–

 < 0.0001

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)c [25]

160 ± 26

145 ± 21

–

0.006

  1. aSignificantly higher in LD group compared to both SD and H groups
  2. bNormal range (20–42 mmol/mol)
  3. cEstimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is calculated using the Schwartz formula for children and young adults between the age of 1 and 19. Creatinine is dependent on muscle mass and, as expected, was higher in adolescents with long-standing T1DM compared with the younger counterpart of children and adolescents with short-duration disease. Accordingly, eGFR was lower in the LD-group. However, none of the subjects had impaired kidney function defined as a decrease of eGFR [29].