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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: Impact of diabetes mellitus on risk of major complications after hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Location

Database

Study type

Groups

Sample size

Mean age (years)

Male gender (%)

CCI

Smokers (%)

Surgical treatment (%)

Follow-up

Behanova 2021 [12]

Austria

National database

R

DM

Non-DM

8832

45,160

NR

30.6

72

NR

NR

NR

1 year

Rutenberg 2021 [13]

Israel

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

408

935

81

82.9

35

31.9

7[5–9]^

5[4–7]

8.7

8.2

100

100

Up to 2 years

Tian 2020 [23]

China

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

161

483

77.3

78

27.4

35.2

0.9 ± 1.2

0.7 ± 1

8.1

16.8

80.7

78.1

1 year

Lee 2020 [22]

Taiwan

Insurance database

R

DM

Non-DM

2745

2745

80.1

80.5

41.2

41.3

 > 2: 41.7%

 > 2: 41.7%

NR

100

100

1 year

Madsen 2019 [21]

Denmark

National database

R

DM

Non-DM

12,158

141,889

79

81

36

30

 > 2: 43%

 > 2: 28%

NR

NR

3 years

Galbraith 2019 [20]

Ireland

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

94

556

79.9

80.3

19.6

20.6

NR

NR

100

100

Up to 2 years

Chandran 2018 [19]

Singapore

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

132

257

76

77

12.9

17.9

4[3–5]^

4[3–5]

NR

100

100

1 year

Martinez-Laguna 2017 [18]

Spain

National database

R

DM

Non-DM

3816

6616

76.6

76.6

24.6

27.1

NR

5.4

4.8

NR

Up to 7 years

Lopez-de-Andrés 2016 [29]

Spain

National database

R

DM

Non-DM

92,182

340,578

82.1

83.5

22.6

76.5

NR

NR

95.6

95.2

Up to 10 years

Golinvaux 2015 [14]

USA

National database

R

DM

Non-DM

1730

8208

NR

32.9

26

NR

7.8

8

100

100

30 days

Ekstrom 2013 [27]

Sweden

Single center

P

DM

Non-DM

234

1899

81.6

81.2

30.5

27.1

NR

NR

100

100

2 years

Wang 2013 [28]

China

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

167

540

72.9

72.1

31.7

33

NR

NR

87.4

91.9

1 year

Huang 2012 [26]

Taiwan

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

61

181

77.3

79.4

29.5

39.2

NR

NR

100

100

1 year

Gulcelik 2011 [24]

Turkey

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

69

161

75.1

76.5

38.5

39

NR

NR

NR

Up to 5 years

Norris 2011 [25]

UK

Single center

R

DM

Non-DM

477

5489

77.4

80

22

21.8

NR

NR

NR

1 year

Liebermann 2007 [15]

Israel

Single center

P

DM

Non-DM

224

738

NR

28

23

NR

NR

100

100

NR

  1. CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; NR: not reported; DM: diabetes mellitus; NOS: Newcastle Ottawa scale; R: retrospective; P: prospective
  2. ^Median {interquartile range]