| Men | Women | Ρ-value |
---|---|---|---|
N (%) | 3660 (41%) | 5262 (59%) | Â |
Age (year) | 48.95 (0.159) | 48.72 (0.132) | 0.264 |
Height (cm) | 168.75 (0.107) | 155.69 (0.078) |  < 0.001 |
Weight (cm) | 68.669 (0.224) | 65.114 (0.173) |  < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.07 (0.072) | 26.83 (0.066) |  < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 89.23 (0.181) | 96.08 (0.159) |  < 0.001 |
Hip circumference (cm) | 97.25 (0.124) | 101.19 (0.129) |  < 0.001 |
Waist to hip ratio | 0.91 (0.001) | 0.94 (0.000) |  < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.39 (0.292) | 111.93 (0.265) |  < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.14 (0.196) | 74.78 (0.167) | 0.013 |
Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 90.37 (0.387) | 94.71 (0.459) |  < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 135.89 (1.481) | 127.47 (0.971) |  < 0.001 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 178.97 (0.626) | 190.19 (0.541) |  < 0.001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 46.96 (0.231) | 54.03 (0.222) |  < 0.001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 104.83 (0.519) | 110.66 (0.456) |  < 0.001 |
Smoking (n-%) | |||
 Overall | 1942 (51.3%) | 263 (5.0%) |  < 0.001 |
 Current-smoker | 1423 (38.9%) | 122 (2.3%) |  < 0.001 |
Nutritional intake/day (SE) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Energy (kcal/day) | 3389.30 (13.939) | 2855.45 (11.730) |  < 0.001 |
Carbohydrate (%e) | 67.91% (0.097) | 67.91% (0.080) | 0.977 |
Fat (%e) | 20.04% (0.098) | 20.19% (0.083) | 0.259 |
Total protein (%e) | 12.03% (0.027) | 11.89% (0.022) |  < 0.001 |
Animal protein (%e) | 3.51% (0.026) | 3.12% (0.021) |  < 0.001 |
Plant protein (%e) | 8.52% (0.024) | 8.76% (0.020) |  < 0.001 |
Energy (gr/kgbw) | 50.42 (0.253) | 44.67 (0.216) |  < 0.001 |
Carbohydrate (g/kgbw) | 8.66 (0.045) | 7.70 (0.038) |  < 0.001 |
Fat (gr/kgbw) | 1.13 (0.008) | 1.01 (0.006) |  < 0.001 |
Total protein (gr/kgbw) | 1.52 (0.008) | 1.34 (0.006) |  < 0.001 |
Animal protein (gr/kgbw) | 0.44 (0.003) | 0.34 (0.002) |  < 0.001 |
Plant protein (gr/kgbw) | 1.08 (0.006) | 1.00 (0.005) |  < 0.001 |
Carbohydrate (gr/day) | 575.95 (2.539) | 485.75 (2.124) |  < 0.001 |
Fat (gr/day) | 75.29 (0.482) | 63.66 (0.361) |  < 0.001 |
Total protein (gr/day) | 101.96 (0.479) | 84.88 (0.382) |  < 0.001 |
Animal protein (gr/day) | 29.44 (0.250) | 21.93 (0.165) |  < 0.001 |
Plant protein (gr/day) | 72.51 (0.382) | 62.94 (0.318) |  < 0.001 |
Sodium (mg/day) | 4019.74 (22.450) | 3745.49 (20.038) |  < 0.001 |
Potassium (mg/day) | 3700.23 (26.206) | 3297.05 (20.008) |  < 0.001 |
Saturated fatty acids (gr/day) | 28.35 (0.238) | 24.90 (0.190) |  < 0.001 |
MUFA (gr/day) | 22.86 (0.174) | 18.52 (0.119) |  < 0.001 |
PUFA (gr/day) | 10.51 (0.081) | 8.89 (0.060) |  < 0.001 |