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Table 1 Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of the study sample (n = 283)

From: Dietary fructose and its association with the metabolic syndrome in Lebanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study

Variablesa

All participantsb (n = 283)

Metabolic syndrome (n = 102)

No metabolic syndrome (n = 181)

P-valuec

  

Mean ± SD

  

Age (years)

41.0 ± 13.7

44.8 ± 14.6

38.8 ± 12.7

 < 0.001

 

N (%)

 

Sex

    

 Female

191 (67.5)

56 (54.9)

135 (74.6)

0.001

 Male

92 (32.5)

46 (45.1)

46 (25.4)

 

Marital Status

    

 Singled

90 (31.8)

36 (35.3)

54 (29.8)

0.344

 Married

193 (68.2)

66 (64.7)

127 (70.2)

 

Level of education

    

 No school or primary

89 (31.6)

38 (37.3)

51 (28.3)

0.01

 Intermediate

77 (27.3)

31 (30.4)

46 (25.6)

 

 Secondary or technical

77 (27.3)

28 (27.5)

49 (27.2)

 

 University degree

39 (13.8)

5 (4.9)

34 (18.9)

 

Income ($ per month)

    

 < 600

75 (28.4)

33 (33.0)

42 (25.6)

0.345

 600 ≤ income ≤ 2000

165 (62.5)

60 (60.0)

105 (64.0)

 

 > 2000

24 (9.1)

7 (7.0)

17 (10.4)

 

Smoking statuse

    

 Never smoked

63 (22.3)

21 (20.6)

42 (23.2)

0.641

 Current smoker

195 (68.9)

70 (68.6)

125 (69.1)

 

 Past smokers

25 (8.8)

11 (10.8)

14 (7.7)

 

Physical Activity level

    

 Low intensity

131 (46.3)

51 (50.0)

80 (44.2)

0.199

 Moderate intensity

88 (31.1)

34 (33.3)

54 (29.8)

 

 High intensity

64 (22.6)

17 (16.7)

47 (26.0)

 

Crowding index

    

 ≤ 1 person/room

109 (38.5)

45 (44.1)

64 (35.4)

0.146

 > 1 person/room

174 (61.5)

57 (55.9)

117 (64.6)

 
  1. Bolded numbers are significant at p < 0.05
  2. SD standard deviation
  3. aContinuous variables are expressed as Mean ± SD and categorical variables are expressed as n (%)
  4. bLack of corresponding sum of frequencies with total sample size is due to missing data
  5. cSignificance was derived from chi-square for categorical variables and from independent t-test for continuous variables
  6. dSingle includes divorced, widowed and engaged
  7. eCurrent smokers of either cigarette or narghile, past smokers of either cigarette or narghile
  8. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Alberti et al. 2009 [7]