Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants with different levels of insulin area under the curve (insulin-AUC) during oral glucose tolerance test
Q1 (n = 111) | Q2 (n = 109) | Q3 (n = 112) | Q4 (n = 114) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 43.45 ± 7.97 | 42.71 ± 8.94 | 43.32 ± 8.96 | 45.77 ± 8.18 | 0.0390 |
Sex (% men) | 54.05 | 59.63 | 47.32 | 41.23 | 0.0356 |
Current Smoker (%) | 45.95 | 47.71 | 30.36 | 36.84 | 0.0276 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.83 ± 3.00 | 23.99 ± 3.07 | 25.63 ± 3.30 | 27.29 ± 3.81 | < 0.0001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 4.92 ± 0.71 | 5.15 ± 0.84 | 5.21 ± 0.72 | 5.34 ± 0.79 | 0.0007 |
2hPG(mmol/L) | 6.19 ± 2.04 | 7.13 ± 2.37 | 7.50 ± 2.03 | 8.22 ± 1.58 | < 0.0001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 121.9 ± 20.3 | 127.2 ± 24.3 | 130.8 ± 20.0 | 134.4 ± 22.0 | 0.0002 |
DBP (mmHg) | 81.38 ± 12.3 | 85.24 ± 17.1 | 87.10 ± 12.3 | 87.79 ± 13.1 | 0.0025 |
CHO (mmol/L) | 4.88 ± 1.34 | 4.82 ± 0.94 | 5.10 ± 1.16 | 5.25 ± 1.14 | 0.0481 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 1.35 | 1.19 ± 0.62 | 1.87 ± 1.82 | 2.12 ± 2.01 | 0.0004 |
FINS (mU/L) | 14.65 ± 10.2 | 15.46 ± 7.1 | 24.01 ± 16.2 | 33.02 ± 19.0 | < 0.0001 |
1hINS (mU/L) | 54.98 ± 38.0 | 85.88 ± 17.9 | 116.28 ± 23.0 | 199.38 ± 69.5 | < 0.0001 |
2hINS (mU/L) | 43.86 ± 22.3 | 71.99 ± 32.4 | 101.56 ± 47.0 | 187.93 ± 79.0 | < 0.0001 |
Insulin-area (mU/L) | 75.23 ± 19.4 | 129.61 ± 14.3 | 179.06 ± 16.4 | 309.85 ± 82.6 | < 0.0001 |