Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants according to quartiles of Cre/BW ratio

Number

200,658

50,165

50,164

50,163

50,166

Age (years)

42.24 ± 12.73

42.37 ± 11.69

42.11 ± 12.04

41.98 ± 12.67

42.50 ± 14.35

 < 0.001

Height (cm)

166.50 ± 8.33

166.61 ± 8.68

166.63 ± 8.46

166.62 ± 8.23

166.13 ± 7.91

 < 0.001

Weight (kg)

64.75 ± 12.23

70.98 ± 13.54

65.75 ± 11.73

63.08 ± 10.72

59.18 ± 9.40

 < 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

23.24 ± 3.34

25.43 ± 3.50

23.55 ± 2.95

22.62 ± 2.80

21.38 ± 2.66

 < 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

119.04 ± 16.40

121.38 ± 16.81

118.77 ± 16.25

118.03 ± 15.90

117.98 ± 16.41

 < 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

74.16 ± 10.81

75.65 ± 11.31

74.20 ± 10.83

73.68 ± 10.54

73.11 ± 10.36

 < 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

4.91 ± 0.61

4.99 ± 0.62

4.91 ± 0.61

4.88 ± 0.61

4.87 ± 0.61

 < 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.72 ± 0.89

4.79 ± 0.91

4.73 ± 0.89

4.70 ± 0.89

4.64 ± 0.88

 < 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.34 ± 1.03

1.51 ± 1.22

1.37 ± 1.04

1.30 ± 0.95

1.20 ± 0.83

 < 0.001

Cre/BW ratio (× 100)

1.24 ± 0.27

0.94 ± 0.10

1.14 ± 0.04

1.30 ± 0.05

1.59 ± 0.22

 < 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.37 ± 0.23

1.36 ± 0.23

1.37 ± 0.23

1.38 ± 0.24

1.38 ± 0.23

 < 0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

2.77 ± 0.52

2.79 ± 0.53

2.77 ± 0.52

2.77 ± 0.52

2.75 ± 0.51

 < 0.001

ALT (U/L)

23.99 ± 21.98

27.78 ± 25.98

24.53 ± 22.77

22.96 ± 21.36

20.68 ± 16.03

 < 0.001

AST (U/L)

24.11 ± 7.95

24.53 ± 7.84

24.12 ± 8.34

23.96 ± 7.43

23.82 ± 8.15

 < 0.001

BUN (mmol/L)

4.66 ± 1.15

4.44 ± 1.10

4.58 ± 1.11

4.70 ± 1.12

4.92 ± 1.22

 < 0.001

Cre (mg/dl)

0.79 ± 0.18

0.66 ± 0.13

0.75 ± 0.14

0.82 ± 0.14

0.94 ± 0.18

 < 0.001

Develop T2DM

 < 0.001

 No

196,657 (98.01)

48,542 (96.76)

49,175 (98.03)

49,388 (98.46)

49,552 (98.78)

 Yes

4001 (1.99)

1623 (3.24)

989 (1.97)

775 (1.54)

614 (1.22)

Sex (%)

 < 0.001

 Men

110,431 (55.03)

20,467 (40.8)

25,616 (51.06)

29,599 (59.01)

34,749 (69.27)

 Women

90,227 (44.97)

29,698 (59.2)

24,548 (48.94)

20,564 (40.99)

15,417 (30.73)

Smoking status (%)

 < 0.001

 Current

11,373 (5.67)

2421 (4.83)

2817 (5.62)

2964 (5.91)

3171 (6.32)

 Ever

2473 (1.23)

505 (1.01)

596 (1.19)

677 (1.35)

695 (1.39)

 Never

43,816 (21.84)

10,504 (20.94)

10,942 (21.81)

11,015 (21.96)

11,355 (22.63)

 No recorded

142,996 (71.26)

36,735 (73.23)

35,809 (71.38)

35,507 (70.78)

34,945 (69.66)

Drinking status (%)

 < 0.001

 Current

1284 (0.64)

292 (0.58)

344 (0.69)

354 (0.71)

294 (0.59)

 Ever

8649 (4.31)

1764 (3.52)

2110 (4.21)

2363 (4.71)

2412 (4.81)

 Never

47,729 (23.79)

11,374 (22.67)

11,901 (23.72)

11,939 (23.8)

12,515 (24.95)

 No recorded

142,996 (71.26)

36,735 (73.23)

35,809 (71.38)

35,507 (70.78)

34,945 (69.66)

Family history of diabetes (%)

 < 0.001

 No

196,452 (97.90)

48,785 (97.25)

49,059 (97.8)

49,193 (98.07)

49,415 (98.5)

 Yes

4206 (2.10)

1380 (2.75)

1105 (2.2)

970 (1.93)

751 (1.5)