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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the subjects

From: Serum free triiodothyronine is inversely associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy but not with carotid atherosclerotic lesions in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes

Variables

Q1 (n = 612)

Q2 (n = 616)

Q3 (n = 622)

Q4 (n = 627)

p value

FT3 (pmol/L)

3.10–4.10

4.10–4.40

4.40–4.72

4.72–6.80

–

Age (years)

64 ± 11

61 ± 11

58 ± 12

55 ± 11

 < 0.001

Men (n, %)

261 (42.6%)

298 (48.4%)

372 (59.8%)

459 (73.2%)

 < 0.001

DD (months)a

120 (48–180)

96 (48–156)

90 (36–144)

72 (24–120)

 < 0.001

Smoking (n, %)

114 (18.6%)

133 (21.6%)

160 (25.7%)

241 (38.4%)

 < 0.001

Alcohol (n, %)

48 (7.8%)

71 (11.5%)

85 (13.7%)

114 (18.2%)

0.002

Hypertension (n, %)

314 (51.3%)

330 (53.6%)

300 (48.2%)

270 (43.1%)

0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

24.63 ± 3.68

25.28 ± 3.38

25.08 ± 3.45

25.41 ± 3.38

0.001

WHR

0.93 ± 0.35

0.92 ± 0.07

0.91 ± 0.06

0.92 ± 0.06

0.378

SBP (mmHg)

133 ± 18

132 ± 17

132 ± 18

131 ± 16

0.016

DBP (mmHg)

79 ± 10

79 ± 10

80 ± 9

82 ± 9

 < 0.001

FPG (mmol/l)a

7.55 (6.04–9.82)

7.82 (6.31–10.08)

7.90 (6.26–9.69)

7.81 (6.40–9.63)

0.481

2 h PPG (mmol/l)

14.13 ± 4.96

14.07 ± 4.66

13.89 ± 4.66

13.67 ± 4.72

0.070

HbA1c (%)a

9.3 (7.5–11.5)

8.7 (7.3–10.5)

8.5 (7.3–10.2)

8.4 (7–9.9)

 < 0.001

FCP (ng/mL)a

1.57 (0.89–2.40)

1.73 (1.10–2.54)

1.82 (1.20–2.53)

1.89 (1.30–2.53)

0.020

2 h PCP (ng/mL)

3.75 ± 2.87

4.15 ± 2.74

4.46 ± 3.01

4.75 ± 2.71

 < 0.001

HOMA-IRa

4.94 (2.98–8.40)

4.88 (2.96–7.85)

4.59 (2.91–7.75)

4.40 (2.72–7.40)

0.292

TTG (mmol/L)a

1.38 (0.92–2.08)

1.50 (1.01–2.18)

1.54 (1.04–2.41)

1.51 (1.09–2.10)

0.838

TC (mmol/L)

4.88 ± 1.35

4.84 ± 1.33

4.79 ± 1.04

4.67 ± 0.99

0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.17 ± 0.40

1.14 ± 0.31

1.10 ± 0.31

1.10 ± 0.28

 < 0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.16 ± 1.03

3.18 ± 0.98

3.24 ± 0.93

3.17 ± 0.92

0.512

ALT (U/l)a

17 (12–26)

19 (13–29)

20 (14–30)

20 (14–30)

0.017

Scr (μmol/l)a

63 (52–80)

65 (55–77)

65 (55–78)

67 (56–78)

0.014

SUA (μmol/l)a

310 (251–369)

300 (248–364)

310 (265–377)

319 (267–377)

0.023

UACR (mg/g)a

13.05 (6.56–40.28)

11.73 (6.77–32.96)

11.25 (6.51–27.99)

10.14 (5.99–24.68)

0.024

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)a

95.35 (76.97–118.23)

101.37 (83.68–117.81)

102.78 (86.18–120.92)

108.25 (92.07–126.77)

 < 0.001

CRP (mg/L)a

1.46 (0.53–3.87)

1.09 (0.54–2.61)

0.96 (0.47–2.12)

0.93 (0.45–1.87)

 < 0.001

FT4 (pmol/L)

15.96 ± 2.19

16.01 ± 2.20

16.34 ± 2.19

16.74 ± 2.21

 < 0.001

TSH (mIU/L)

1.74 ± 0.89

1.74 ± 0.81

1.69 ± 0.84

1.67 ± 0.85

0.405

  1. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, median with interquartile range, or percentages
  2. FT3 free triiodothyronine, DD duration of diabetes, BMI body mass index, WHR waist hip ratio, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, 2 h PPG 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, HbA1c glycosylated haemoglobin A1c, FCP fasting C-peptide, 2 h PCP 2-h postprandial C-peptide, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, TTG total triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALT alanine aminotransferase, Scr serum creatinine, SUA serum uric acid, UACR urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CRP C-reactive protein, FT4 free thyroxine, TSH thyroid stimulating hormone
  3. aNon-normal distribution of continuous variables