Table 1 Clinical characteristics
Parameters | Normal group (n = 23) | DN group (n = 23) |
|---|---|---|
Gender (male/female) | 14/9 | 12/11 |
Age (years) | 55.3 ± 5.8 | 57.2 ± 6.5 |
BMI | 22.6 ± 1.6 | 24.8 ± 2.4 |
Duration of diabetes (years) |  | 7.9 ± 1.4 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 4.1 ± 0.9 | 7.5 ± 1.9 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 3.9 ± 1.2 | 7.8 ± 2.8 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 74.5 ± 10.5 | 40.1 ± 9.3 |
Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | 65.3 ± 7.6 | 143.6 ± 39.2 |
Retinopathy | 0 | 11 |