Table 3 The multiple logistic regression models examining the risk factors for metabolic syndrome (n = 1482)

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Ethnicity (Reference: Han)

3.49 (2.61–4.68)

3.43 (2.56–4.61)

3.43 (2.56–4.60)

2.62 (1.91–3.58)

 Sex (Reference: male)

0.98 (0.76–1.27)

0.99 (0.76–1.27)

0.99 (0.77–1.28)

0.97 (0.74–1.27)

 Age (Reference: 20–49 years)

  50–59 years

1.43 (1.04–1.98)

1.42 (1.02–1.97)

1.41 (1.02–1.95)

1.57 (1.11–2.22)

  60–69 years

2.04 (1.41–2.95)

2.06 (1.42–2.99)

2.04 (1.41–2.95)

2.17 (1.46–3.23)

  ≥ 70 years

2.40 (1.63–3.53)

2.39 (1.63–3.52)

2.39 (1.62–3.52)

3.25 (2.15–4.91)

  High school

1.05 (0.77–1.42)

1.04 (0.77–1.41)

1.05 (0.78–1.42)

1.04 (0.75–1.43)

  At least with college

0.90 (0.64–1.27)

0.88 (0.63–1.25)

0.90 (0.64–1.27)

1.01 (0.70–1.46)

 Marital status (Reference: single^a)

0.80 (0.60–1.06)

0.78 (0.59–1.04)

0.79 (0.59–1.05)

0.70 (0.52–0.95)

 Employed status (Reference: not employed)

1.10 (0.85–1.42)

1.07 (0.82–1.39)

1.09 (0.84–1.42)

1.02 (0.78–1.35)

Health Behavior

 Smoking (Reference: no)

1.02 (0.70–1.50)

 Drinking alcohol (Reference: no)

1.24 (0.87–1.79)

 Regular exercise (Reference: yes)

1.07 (0.84–1.38)

 Vegetable intake (Reference: ≥ 3 servings/day)

0.84 (0.64–1.11)

 Fruit intake (Reference: ≥ 2 servings/day)

1.07 (0.82–1.39)

 Fried food intake (Reference: < 3 times/week)

1.01 (0.59–1.75)

 Soft drink intake (Reference: < 3 bottles/week)

1.21 (0.85–1.72)

Unhealthy behaviors, number (Reference: zero)

 1–2

1.37 (0.95–1.96)

1.28 (0.88–1.88)

 3–5

1.27 (0.86–1.88)

1.16 (0.77–1.75)

 ≥ 6

6.17 (1.43–26.73)

4.11 (0.92–18.47)

Obesity

5.26 (3.99–6.94)

Model’s information

 − 2 log Likelihood

1567.43

1562.08

1559.29

1417.91

 Likelihood ratio statistic (G2)

102.62

107.97

110.76

252.14