Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants (N = 8151)
Coronary artery calcium score progression | |||
|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | P-value | |
N | 3284 | 4867 | |
HbA1c, mean ± sd, (%) | 5.51 ± 0.62 | 5.73 ± 0.82 | < 0.001 |
Sex, (n, %) | 0.012 | ||
Male | 2956 (90.01%) | 4460 (91.64%) | |
Female | 328 (9.99%) | 407 (8.36%) | |
Age group, (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
< 65 | 3133 (95.40%) | 4198 (86.25%) | |
> = 65 | 151 (4.60%) | 669 (13.75%) | |
Duration, mean ± sd, (year) | 3.69 ± 2.03 | 4.00 ± 2.23 | < 0.001 |
BMI, mean ± sd, (kg/m2) | 24.42 ± 2.48 | 24.94 ± 2.60 | < 0.001 |
Height, mean ± sd, (cm) | 169.84 ± 6.77 | 169.16 ± 6.59 | < 0.001 |
Weight, mean ± sd, (kg) | 70.61 ± 9.37 | 71.49 ± 9.51 | < 0.001 |
SBP, mean ± sd, (mmHg) | 117.59 ± 15.12 | 120.59 ± 15.83 | < 0.001 |
DBP, mean ± sd, (mmHg) | 74.92 ± 10.50 | 76.23 ± 10.52 | < 0.001 |
TC, mean ± sd, (mg/dL) | 197.69 ± 33.04 | 199.18 ± 34.87 | 0.085 |
LDL-C, mean ± sd, (mg/dL) | 127.61 ± 30.05 | 128.77 ± 31.55 | 0.100 |
HDL-C, mean ± sd, (mg/dL) | 52.60 ± 12.89 | 51.36 ± 12.51 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides, median (Q1-Q3), (mg/dL) | 121.00 (86.00–171.00) | 128.00 (93.00–181.00) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status, (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Never | 960 (34.35%) | 1201 (28.28%) | |
Past smoker | 998 (35.71%) | 1755 (41.32%) | |
Current smoker | 837 (29.95%) | 1291 (30.40%) | |
Alcohol consumption, (n, %) | 0.012 | ||
Never | 399 (13.00%) | 693 (14.98%) | |
Past drinker | 42 (1.37%) | 85 (1.84%) | |
Current drinker | 2629 (85.64%) | 3848 (83.18%) | |
Reflux esophagitis status, (n, %) | 0.001 | ||
Negative | 2938 (89.46%) | 4237 (87.06%) | |
Positive | 346 (10.54%) | 630 (12.94%) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Negative | 3097 (94.31%) | 4423 (90.88%) | |
Positive | 346 (10.54%) | 630 (12.94%) | |
Diabetes, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Negative | 3214 (97.87%) | 4698 (96.53%) | |
Positive | 70 (2.13%) | 169 (3.47%) | |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 0.012 | ||
Negative | 3095 (94.24%) | 4518 (92.83%) | |
Positive | 189 (5.76%) | 349 (7.17%) | |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 0.015 | ||
Negative | 3279 (99.85%) | 4844 (99.53%) | |
Positive | 5 (0.15%) | 23 (0.47%) | |
Cerebrovascular disease n (%) | 1.000 | ||
Negative | 3281 (99.91%) | 4862 (99.90%) | |
Positive | 3 (0.09%) | 5 (0.10%) | |