Fig. 2

Selected general and biochemical factors in different time of research protocol. Body weight (a), fasting blood glucose (b), insulin (c), leptin (d), TNF-α (e), TG (f), and LDL-C (g) levels at baseline, after high-fat diet (HFD), after STZ injection, after 12 weeks of exercise training, and after 4 weeks of de-training is shown. The groups consisted of healthy rats that received a normal diet (ND) (control (ND-C), resistance exercise training (ND-RET), aerobic exercise training (ND-AET)), and low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats that received a high-fat diet (HFD + STZ) (control (HFD + STZ-C), resistance exercise training (HFD + STZ-RET), and aerobic exercise training (HFD + STZ-AET)). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.001 for the HFD + STZ-C group vs. ND-C group, ^&p < 0.01 for the HFD + STZ-C group vs. HFD + STZ-AET group, ^#p < 0.01 for the HFD + STZ-C group vs. the HFD + STZ-RET group, ^$p < 0.01 for the ND-C group vs. the ND-AET group, and ^p < 0.01 for the ND-C group vs. the ND-RET group