Table 1 Sample characteristics for the total sample and stratified according to treatment satisfaction (survey 2018–2019)
Characteristic | Treatment satisfaction | p-valueb | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Very good | Good | Poora | |||||||
% or mean (SD) | N | % or mean (SD) | N | % or mean (SD) | N | % or mean (SD) | N | |||
Sex | 0.002 | |||||||||
Male | 41% | 238 | 46% | 88 | 44% | 117 | 28% | 33 | ||
Female | 59% | 337 | 54% | 103 | 56% | 149 | 72% | 85 | ||
Age [years] | 20.9 (4.0) | 575 | 20.5 (3.9) | 191 | 20.9 (3.8) | 266 | 21.4 (4.4) | 118 | 0.002 | |
Age group | 0.086 | |||||||||
14–17 years | 26% | 151 | 27% | 52 | 25% | 66 | 28% | 33 | Ref. | |
18–21 years | 38% | 221 | 42% | 81 | 40% | 106 | 29% | 34 | 0.062 | |
22–25 years | 21% | 121 | 18% | 34 | 22% | 59 | 24% | 28 | 0.888 | |
26–30 years | 14% | 82 | 13% | 24 | 13% | 35 | 19% | 23 | 0.499 | |
Socioeconomic status | 0.606 | |||||||||
Low | 16% | 90 | 16% | 30 | 16% | 43 | 14% | 17 | Ref. | |
Intermediate | 45% | 258 | 44% | 84 | 43% | 114 | 51% | 60 | 0.479 | |
High | 39% | 225 | 39% | 75 | 41% | 109 | 35% | 41 | 0.805 | |
Unknown | 0% | 2 | 1% | 2 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 1.000 | |
Age at manifestation [years] | 2.9 (1.2) | 575 | 2.9 (1.2) | 191 | 2.9 (1.1) | 266 | 2.9 (1.2) | 118 | 0.607 | |
Diabetes duration [years] | 18.0 (3.7) | 575 | 17.6 (3.6) | 191 | 18.0 (3.7) | 266 | 18.5 (4.1) | 118 | 0.493 | |
BMI-SDS | 0.37 (0.95) | 568 | 0.40 (0.90) | 189 | 0.31 (0.99) | 264 | 0.44 (0.95) | 115 | 0.613 | |
HbA1c [mmol/mol] | 61.6 (14.9) | 560 | 57.3 (10.8) | 188 | 62.2 (15.4) | 258 | 67.3 (17.4) | 114 | 0.027 | |
HbA1c [%] | 7.8 (1.3) | 560 | 7.4 (1.0) | 188 | 7.8 (1.4) | 258 | 8.2 (1.3) | 114 | < 0.001 | |
< 7.5% (< 58 mmol/mol) | 46% | 267 | 60% | 115 | 46% | 122 | 25% | 30 | Ref. | |
≥ 7.5% (≥ 58 mmol/mol) | 51% | 293 | 38% | 73 | 52% | 136 | 71% | 84 | < 0.001 | |
Unknown | 3% | 15 | 2% | 3 | 3% | 8 | 3% | 4 | 0.060 | |
Insulin pump | 0.101 | |||||||||
No | 29% | 165 | 22% | 42 | 33% | 87 | 31% | 36 | Ref. | |
Yes | 71% | 409 | 78% | 149 | 67% | 178 | 69% | 82 | 0.037 | |
Unknown | 0% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 1.000 | |
Glucose sensorc | 0.303 | |||||||||
No, never | 18% | 106 | 18% | 35 | 18% | 48 | 19% | 23 | Ref. | |
Yes, temporarily | 17% | 99 | 17% | 33 | 15% | 40 | 22% | 26 | 0.632 | |
Yes, permanently | 64% | 369 | 64% | 123 | 67% | 177 | 58% | 69 | 0.261 | |
Unknown | 0% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 1.000 | |
Participation in the Type 1 Diabetes Disease Management Program | 0.329 | |||||||||
Yes | 45% | 260 | 48% | 92 | 44% | 117 | 43% | 51 | Ref. | |
No | 32% | 185 | 29% | 55 | 32% | 84 | 39% | 46 | 0.089 | |
Don´t know | 22% | 124 | 22% | 42 | 23% | 61 | 18% | 21 | 0.986 | |
Unknown | 1% | 6 | 1% | 2 | 2% | 4 | 0% | 0 | 1.000 | |
Hypoglycemia with hospitalization during the past 12 months | 0.960 | |||||||||
No | 97% | 560 | 98% | 187 | 97% | 258 | 97% | 115 | ||
Yes | 3% | 15 | 2% | 4 | 3% | 8 | 3% | 3 | ||
Diabetic ketoacidosis with hospitalization during the past 12 months | 0.471 | |||||||||
No | 95% | 548 | 97% | 185 | 95% | 252 | 94% | 111 | ||
Yes | 5% | 27 | 3% | 6 | 5% | 14 | 6% | 7 | ||
Diabetes-related long-term complications | 0.527 | |||||||||
No | 78% | 446 | 80% | 153 | 76% | 201 | 78% | 92 | Ref. | |
Yes | 17% | 98 | 17% | 32 | 18% | 48 | 15% | 18 | 0.324 | |
Unknown | 5% | 31 | 3% | 6 | 6% | 17 | 7% | 8 | 0.676 | |