Table 2 Islet β cell function indexes of the study participants according to the quartiles of serum ADA levels

ADA (U/L)

13.6 (11.1–16.9)

9.5 (8.5–10.3)

12.4 (12.4–13.1)

15.0 (14.3–16.0)

19.7 (18.1–21.7)

 n

1573

396

399

388

390

Glu0 (mmol/L)

11.39 ± 3.54

10.05 ± 3.32

11.29 ± 3.24

11.43 ± 3.39

12.83 ± 3.66

Glu30 (mmol/L)

11.99 ± 2.75

11.71 ± 2.55

12.06 ± 2.68

12.05 ± 2.87

12.15 ± 2.88

Glu60 (mmol/L)

15.33 ± 3.34

15.02 ± 3.26

15.27 ± 3.22

15.37 ± 3.38

15.66 ± 3.47

Glu120 (mmol/L)

16.53 ± 4.11

15.30 ± 4.21

16.25 ± 3.90

16.90 ± 3.99

17.68 ± 3.98

Glu180 (mmol/L)

12.67 ± 4.23

11.06 ± 4.00

12.28 ± 4.11

13.18 ± 4.13

14.19 ± 4.05

CP0 (ng/mL)

1.17 (0.78–1.75)

1.26 (0.83–1.75)

1.15 (0.74–1.75)

1.18 (0.74–1.82)

1.11 (0.80–1/69)

CP30 (ng/mL)

2.02 (1.36–2.89)

2.13 (1.49–3.12)

2.01 (1.34–2.90)

2.07 (1.33–2.87)

1.90 (1.25–2.70)

CP60 (ng/mL)

3.02 (2.04–4.38)

3.28 (2.35–4.64)

3.06 (2.07–4.46)

2.90 (2.05–4.38)

2.79 (1.83–3.86)

CP120 (ng/mL)

4.20 (2.94–5.98)

4.50 (3.16–6.26)

4.19 (2.83–6.02)

4.18 (2.93–5.99)

3.83 (2.71–5.55)

CP180 (ng/mL)

5.28 (2.72–5.28)

3.85 (2.74–5.36)

3.69 (2.65–5.10)

3.79 (2.79–5.39)

3.73 (2.65–5.25)

 IS_HOMA-cp

1.79 (1.20–2.52)

1.95 (1.37–2.72)

1.82 (1.24–2.58)

1.86 (1.16–2.56)

1.56 (1.06–2.33)

 ISI_M-cp

456.62 (328.50–619.82)

484.06 (355.65–646.62)

467.68 (331.12–620.50)

450.20 (320.57–622.24)

425.43 (306.25–563.45)

 AUC_cp

9.84 (6.93–13.70)

10.64 (7.47–14.31)

9.74 (6.84–13.96)

9.88 (6.92–14.01)

9.30 (6.42–12.73)

 AUC_glu

41.96 ± 9.06

39.48 ± 8.92

41.47 ± 8.48

42.67 ± 9.02

44.28 ± 9.15

 AUC_cp/glu

0.23 (0.15–0.35)

0.27 (0.18–0.39)

0.23 (0.15–0.34)

0.23 (0.14–0.35)

0.20 (0.14–0.30)

 ISSI2_cp

100.24 (70.43–142.99)

121.26 (84.84–178.36)

100.48 (73.23–138.89)

96.67 (69.63–140.94)

81.79 (60.18–116.89)