Table 2 Effect of flash glucose monitoring use and scanning frequency on glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) levels in real-world studies of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
From: A review of flash glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes
Study (population) | Effect of: | HbA1c (%) |
|---|---|---|
Fokkert et al. [20] T1D, n = 1054; T2D, n = 223; Other, n = 88 | Before vs. after FGMS use on estimated HbA1c | At baseline: 8.0% (95% CI 7.9–8.1) At 6 months: 7.6% (95% CI 7.5–7.7); P < 0.001 vs. baseline At 12 months: 7.6% (95% CI 7.6–7.7); P < 0.001 vs. baseline |
Eeg-Olofsson et al. [21] T1D, n = 8316; T2D, n = 538 | Before vs. after FGMS use on HbA1c (method of measurement not specified) | T1D: 8.1% at baseline. Mean change –0.33% (95% CI − 0.36 to − 0.31); P < 0.0001 T2D: 8.6% at baseline. Mean change –0.52% (95% CI − 0.63 to − 0.40); P < 0.0001 |
Evans et al. [22] Meta-analysis of 29 studies; n = 1723 with T1D or T2D | FGMS use on laboratory HbA1c | In adults at 2–4 months: mean change − 0.56% (95% CI − 0.76 to − 0.36) In children and adolescents at 2–4 months: mean change − 0.54% (95% CI − 0.84 to − 0.23) |
Ish-Shalom et al. [23] T1D, n = 6; T2D, n = 25 | FGMS use on HbA1c (method of measurement not specified) | In patients with HbA1c ≥ 7.5% At 8 weeks: mean change − 1.33 ± 0.29%; P < 0.0001 At 24 weeks: mean change − 1.21 ± 0.42%; P = 0.009 |
Dunn et al. [24] n > 50,000 | ↑ Scanning frequency on estimated HbA1c | Highest (48.1 scans/day) vs. lowest (4.4 scans/day) scan rate group: 6.7% (95% CI 6.7–6.8) vs. 8.0% (95% CI 7.9–8.0; P < 0.001 |
Gomez-Peralta et al. [26] n = 22,949 | ↑ Scanning frequency on estimated HbA1c | Highest (39.6 scans/day) vs. lowest (3.9 scans/day) scan rate group: 6.9% (95% CI 6.9–7.0) vs. 8.0% (95% CI 8.0–8.1); P < 0.001 |
Calliari et al. [27] Brazil: 17,691 readers and 147,166 sensors Worldwide: 688,640 readers and 7,329,052 sensors | ↑ Scanning frequency on estimated HbA1c | Brazil: Highest (43.1 scans/day) vs. lowest (3.6 scans/day) scan rate group: 6.7% (95% CI 6.6–6.8) vs. 7.6% (95% CI 7.4–7.7); P < 0.01 Worldwide: Highest (37.8 scans/day) vs. lowest (3.4 scans/day) scan rate group: 6.7% (95% CI 6.7–6.7) vs. 8.1% (95% CI 8.1–8.2); P < 0.01 |