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Table 2 The intakes of lifestyle inflammatory score and dietary inflammatory score components in the study population

From: Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults

Variable

Tertiles

P-value

Tertiles of DIS median (IQR) DIS score

T1 − 4.8 (− 7.6, − 2.9)

T2 0.8 (− 0.2, 1.8)

T3 4.7 (3.6, 6.3)

DIS components

 Leafy greens and Cruciferous vegetables (g/d)

23.4 (11.7–40.9)

13.1 (7.4–23.2)

7.1 (3.8–13.3)

 < 0.001

 Tomatoes (g/d)

137.2 (66.5–139.7)

69.2 (40.4–137.4)

41.0 (20.2–66.0)

 < 0.001

 Apples and berries (g/d)

115.6 (58.3–159.8)

53.2 (27.1–106.2)

23.0 (12.3–43.0)

 < 0.001

 Deep yellow or orange Vegetables and fruit (g/d)

84.2 (48.1–131.0)

38.9 (25.7–62.9)

21.2 (12.6–35.6)

 < 0.001

 Other fruits and real fruit juices (g/d)

347.0 (238.2–532.5)

187.2 (122.3–298.1)

113.6 (64.1–198.7)

 < 0.001

 Other vegetables (g/d)

173.3 (126.8–240.7)

118.8 (86.3–163.2)

81.8 (53.2–116.5)

 < 0.001

 Legumes (g/d)

19.5 (10.7–40.1)

13.8 (8.0–24.1)

10.3 (5.8–18.1)

 < 0.001

 Fish (g/d)

9.0 (4.5–16.6)

6.8 (3.7–13.1)

5.3 (2.6–9.3)

 < 0.001

 Poultry (g/d)

24.2 (12.1–42.5)

21.4 (12.1–36.4)

13.2 (8.5–27.0)

 < 0.001

 Red and organ meats (g/d)

35.3 (21.8–54.0)

30.7 (21.2–47.7)

30.2 (17.9–54.1)

0.030

 Processed meats (g/d)

2.6 (0.4–6.0)

2.7 (0.7–6.1)

3.3 (1.3–7.8)

0.001

 Added sugars (g/d)

58.9 (33.0–97.9)

53.8 (34.4–101.0)

50.8 (28.5–85.4)

0.193

 High-fat dairy (g/d)

154.8 (65.7–242.2)

101.5 (33.4–230.0)

51.8 (17.2–121.7)

 < 0.001

 Low-fat dairy (g/d)

280.0 (176.7–379.0)

210.3 (116.2–324.3)

183.9 (88.2–298.3)

 < 0.001

 Coffee and tea (g/d)

750.0 (269.8–1000)

501.3 (251.3–753.5)

375.0 (250.0–735.0)

 < 0.001

 Nuts (g/d)

5.9 (2.8–12.7)

3.8 (1.9–7.5)

2.6 (1.2–4.8)

 < 0.001

 Other fats (g/d)

25.1 (13.3–36.8)

26.3 (13.0–37.3)

30.1 (18.9–45.0)

 < 0.001

 Refined grains and Starchy vegetables (g/d)

408.1 (313.7–542.5)

424.0 (333.1–554.6)

495.1 (351.8–656.5)

 < 0.001

Tertiles of LIS median (IQR) LIS score

T1 − 0.18 (− 0.41, 0.01)

T2 0.71 (0.48, 0.89)

T3 1.39 (1.16, 1.57)

 

LIS component

 Current smoker (%)

3.5

10.0

33.1

 < 0.001

Physical activity categories (%)

   

0.045

 Low active

28.3

30.3

36.6

 

 Moderately active

34.5

36.3

31.8

 

 High active

37.2

33.4

31.6

 

BMI categories

   

 < 0.001

 Normal weight (BMI < 25) (%)

100.0

3.5

0.0

 

 Overweight (BMI = 25–29.9) (%)

0.0

96.5

26.1

 

 Obese (BMI ≥ 30) (%)

0.0

0.0

73.9

 
  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for normally distributed variables and median (25–75 interquartile range) for skewed variables
  2. DIS: dietary inflammation scores, LIS: lifestyle inflammation scores