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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to the development of the metabolic syndrome

From: Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults

  MetS status at follow-up P-value
MetS (n = 291) Non-MetS (n = 1334)
Baseline demographic and biochemical data
 Age (year) 45.5 ± 12.1 35.7 ± 13.0  < 0.001
 Male, % 40.0 47.1 0.025
 Body mass index (Kg/m2) 29.3 ± 4.4 24.9 ± 4.0  < 0.001
 Waist circumference (cm) 94.9 ± 10.5 83.8 ± 11.9  < 0.001
 Physical Activity (MET.min/wk) 68.4 (31.8–104.2) 72.9 (34.7–107.2) 0.177
 Academic education (graduated), n (%) 18.6 27.9 0.001
 Employed, (%) 85.6 81.4 0.096
 Smoking, (%) 8.7 13.0 0.044
 Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) 91.1 ± 18.2 85.0 ± 8.8  < 0.001
 2-h postprandial blood sugar 106.2 ± 22.5 90.0 ± 40.5  < 0.001
 Triglycerides (mg/dl) 127.5 ± 62.1 115.4 ± 66.2 0.002
 Low density lipoprotein- Cholesterol (mg/dl) 121.4 ± 30.9 109 ± 32.1  < 0.001
 High density lipoprotein- Cholesterol (mg/dl) 44.2 ± 9.2 44.0 ± 10.4 0.718
 TGs:HDL-C ratio 3.06 ± 1.91 2.92 ± 2.30 0.334
 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 116.1 ± 15.4 106.4 ± 13.0  < 0.001
 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 76.4 ± 9.1 70.2 ± 9.2  < 0.001
 Anti-diabetic medications (%) 2.1 0.4 0.013
 Anti-lipid medications (%) 3.4 2.3 0.064
 Antihypertensive medications (%) 2.7 0.5 0.012
 Corticoestroeids medications (%) 2.0 1.7 0.669
Dietary intakes
 Energy (Kcal/d) 2284 ± 708 2191 ± 707 0.043
 Carbohydrate (g/day) 314.2 ± 115.8 302.9 ± 112.6 0.131
 Protein (g/day) 77.3 ± 26.5 74.3 ± 26.0 0.066
 Fat (g/day) 80.0 ± 31.3 75.8 ± 28.3 0.033
 Saturated fatty acids (g/1000 kcal) 11.9 ± 6.7 11.3 ± 3.1 0.027
 Monounsaturated fatty acids (g/1000 kcal) 12.2 ± 3.3 12.1 ± 3.1 0.994
 Poly unsaturated fatty acids (g/1000 kcal) 7.2 ± 2.5 7.7 ± 2.5 0.124
 Dietary fibers (g/1000 kcal) 16.2 ± 6.5 18.2 ± 7.3 0.013
 Simple sugar (mg/1000 kcal) 52.6 ± 14.4 53.4 ± 14.6 0.438
 Calcium (mg/1000 kcal) 538.0 ± 163.5 550.1 ± 182.5 0.263
 Potassium (mg/ 1000 kcal) 1631.1 ± 417.2 1673.8 ± 471.5 0.123
 Magnesium (mg/1000 kcal) 163.8 ± 32.4 179.0 ± 38.9 0.038
 Sodium (mg/1000 kcal) 1994 ± 1420 1980 ± 1227 0.878
  1. Data are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variable and number (percent) for categorical variables
  2. MetS: metabolic syndrome; TGs: HDL-C ratio: Triglycerides: High-density lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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