Table 1 General characteristics of T2DM patients at baseline

Age (years)^b

42.04 ± 6.37

44.17 ± 658

0.252^d

Sex (n/%)

0.630^c

Male (n/%)^a

7 (26.9)

7 (33.3)

Female (n/%)^a

19 (73.1)

16 (66.7)

Duration of T2DM, years^b

3.85 ± 1.58

3.25 ± 1.30

0.212^d

Family history of diabetes (%)^a

11 (42.3)

9 (37.5)

0.828^d

Metformin use, n (%)^a

24 (92.3)

22 (91.7)

0.935^c

Glibenclamide use, n (%)^a

8 (30.8)

6 (25)

0.658^c

Weight (kg)^b

80.21 ± 8.49

78.90 ± 11.7

0.657^d

BMI (kg/m²)^b

30.62 ± 3.98

30.25 ± 2.66

0.699^d

WC (cm)^b

100.53 ± 7.01

101.25 ± 6.28

0.708^d

FBS (mg/dL)^b

168.37 (16.33)

174.22 (19.79)

0.259^d

HbA1C,  %^b

6.97 (0.71)

7.26 (0.91)

0.215^d

Insulin, mU/mL^b

10.66 (3.17)

11.70 (3.60)

0.340^d

Physical activity

Low (%)^a

11 (42.3)

14 (58.3)

0.511

Moderate (%)^a

14 (53.8)

8 (33.3)

High (%)^a

1 (4.3)

2 (8.3)