Table 1 Baseline characteristics at enrollment
Characteristics | Total (n = 48) | Flax-Hes group (n = 24) | Control group (n = 24) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 45.63 ± 11.00 | 44.50 ± 10.66 | 46.75 ± 11.46 | 0.485 |
Sex (M/F) | 25/23 | 12/12 | 13/11 | 1.000 |
Metabolic characteristics | ||||
Height (cm) | 166.96 ± 10.54 | 167.38 ± 9.03 | 166.54 ± 12.04 | 0.787 |
Weight (kg) | 91.24 ± 14.96 | 92.08 ± 16.06 | 90.40 ± 14.08 | 0.700 |
WC (cm) | 104.71 ± 7.50 | 105.25 ± 6.43 | 104.17 ± 8.55 | 0.622 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 33.09 ± 5.42 | 33.27 ± 5.43 | 32.92 ± 5.51 | 0.826 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
Systolic | 128.73 ± 14.94 | 129.71 ± 14.77 | 127.80 ± 15.35 | 0.660 |
Diastolic | 85.24 ± 12.93 | 86.21 ± 14.66 | 84.32 ± 11.26 | 0.615 |
MET (h/d) | 31.93 ± 4.45 | 32.65 ± 2.97 | 31.22 ± 5.54 | 0.270 |
Energy (kcal) | 2473.56 ± 487.94 | 2535.15 ± 540.39 | 2411.98 ± 431.96 | 0.388 |
Serum biochemistry tests | ||||
FBS (mg/dL) | 113.05 ± 19.61 | 117.08 ± 21.16 | 107.96 ± 16.62 | 0.123 |
Insulin (mU/L) | 13.18 ± 7.17 | 12.58 ± 6.85 | 13.94 ± 7.67 | 0.545 |
HOMA-IR | 3.69 ± 2.34 | 3.78 ± 2.57 | 3.57 ± 2.10 | 0.773 |
QUICKI | 0.33 ± 0.03 | 0.33 ± 0.03 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.902 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 162.02 ± 71.27 | 159.83 ± 79.09 | 164.78 ± 61.98 | 0.824 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 35.51 ± 9.69 | 36.15 ± 9.82 | 34.68 ± 9.73 | 0.629 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 138.36 ± 37.53 | 140.18 ± 42.21 | 135.93 ± 31.25 | 0.721 |
hs-CRP (ng/dL) | 5865.44 ± 4564.82 | 6879.25 ± 5609.71 | 4584.84 ± 3447.53 | 0.102 |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | 23.60 ± 7.63 | 25.10 ± 8.84 | 21.49 ± 4.98 | 0.138 |
Atherogenic indices | ||||
Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) | 0.64 ± 0.25 | 0.61 ± 0.27 | 0.67 ± 0.24 | 0.515 |
Non-HDL/HDL ratio | 5.28 ± 2.19 | 5.25 ± 1.81 | 5.33 ± 2.67 | 0.910 |
LDL/HDL ratio | 4.25 ± 1.78 | 4.15 ± 1.62 | 4.41 ± 1.99 | 0.645 |