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Table 3 Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for incidence of type 2 diabetes in early adulthood based on metabolic syndrome and its components, 1999–2015 (n = 2798)

From: Adolescent metabolic syndrome and its components associations with incidence of type 2 diabetes in early adulthood: Tehran lipid and glucose study

 

n

Incidence rate (per 10,000 person-years)

Model 1

Model 2

Components

 High WC

462

27.95

2.63 (1.39–4.97)*

1.92 (0.93–3.97)

 High BP

456

18.74

1.58 (0.77–3.22)

1.37 (0.66–2.81)

 Low HDL-C

1295

15.68

1.20 (0.66–2.18)

1.11 (0.61–2.01)

 High TGs

1030

18.70

1.82 (1.00–3.34)*

1.68 (0.92–3.09)

 High FPG

199

17.19

1.51 (0.53–4.26)

1.49 (0.53–4.22)

Dual combinations

 High TGs and high WC

285

34.79

3.56 (1.78–7.10)*

2.70 (1.27–5.77)*

 High FPG and high WC

39

21.53

1.70 (0.23–12.42)

1.37 (0.19–10.09)

 Low HDL-C and high WC

269

27.12

2.42 (1.12–5.23)*

1.66 (0.71–3.85)

 High BP and high WC

126

43.37

3.84 (1.62–9.13)*

2.52 (1.00–6.33)*

 High TGs and high FPG

87

19.58

1.58 (0.38–6.61)

1.50 (0.36–6.28)

 High TGs and low HDL-C

621

21.14

1.86 (0.99–3.49)*

1.68 (0.89–3.17)

 High TGs and high BP

215

31.38

2.83 (1.29–6.16)*

2.27 (1.02–5.05)*

 High FPG and low HDL-C

92

27.54

2.41 (0.74–7.83)

2.08 (0.64–6.80)

 High FPG and high BP

36

42.33

3.79 (0.91–15.76)

3.35 (0.80-14.08)

 Low HDL-C and high BP

190

31.47

2.67 (1.18–6.01)*

2.15 (0.94–4.90)

 Metabolic syndrome

338

33.78

3.55 (1.84–6.87)*

2.82 (1.41–5.64)*

  1. Incidence rate, number of incident type 2 diabetes cases divided by person-year follow up
  2. Model 1 is adjusted for age and sex; model 2 is further adjusted for adulthood body mass index and family history of diabetes
  3. WC waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TGs triglycerides, FPG fasting plasma glucose
  4. *P-value ≤ 0.05