Table 1 Demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetes individuals sorted according to the status of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN)
Demographic. clinical and biochemical characteristics | Without definitive CAN | With definitive CAN | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
n | 85 | 44 | |
Age (years) | 63 (60–67) | 62 (58–67) | 0.43 |
Sex (% female) | 60 | 65 | 0.56 |
Ethnicity (Caucasoid/Negroid/Asiatic) (%) | 68/28/4 | 73/27/0 | 0.60 |
Body mass index (kg m2) | 29.6 (26.4–35.7) | 28.8 (25.9–33.3) | 0.35 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 103 (97–115) | 102 (96–110) | 0.91 |
Arterial hypertension (%) | 74 | 84 | 0.19 |
Smoking (%) | 10.6 | 13.6 | 0.61 |
Total cholesterol (mg dL−1) | 193 (165–234) | 203 (167–233) | 0.60 |
HDL (mg dL−1) | 47 (38–56) | 44 (35–52) | 0.16 |
LDL (mg dL−1) | 118 (94–150) | 113 (89–147) | 0.52 |
Triglycerides (mg dL−1) | 144 (111–218) | 184 (132–212) | 0.05 |
Lipid accumulation product index | 71.1 (54.4–110.4) | 80.5 (60.1–151.4) | 0.06 |
Diabetes status | |||
Diabetes duration (years) | 8 (4–13) | 9 (4–20) | 0.34 |
HbA1C (%) | 7.3 (6.2–9.2) | 7.5 (6.4–9.1) | 0.94 |
(mmol.mol−1) | 56 (44–77) | 58 (46–76) | |
eGFR < 60 mL.min−1.1.73m2 (%) | 16 | 11 | 0.57 |
Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (%) | 11.7 | 13.6 | 0.75 |
Inflammatory mediators | |||
Leukotriene B4 (pg mL−1) | 63.1 ± 16.4 | 71.5 ± 15.7 | 0.006 |
Tumor necrosis factor (pg mL−1) | 1.9 ± 7.9 | 7.4 ± 36.0 | 0.001 |
Interleukin 1B (pg mL−1) | 23.6 ± 106.3 | 9.2 ± 18.1 | 0.32 |
Interleukin 10 (pg mL−1) | 5.5 ± 13.5 | 3.8 ± 14.2 | 0.002 |