|
Prescribed drug class
|
Treatment factors
|
OR
|
95% CI
|
|---|
|
Lower limit
|
Upper limit
|
|---|
|
DPP-4 inhibitors
|
Renal diseasea
|
4.20*
|
3.82
|
4.63
|
|
Coronary heart disease and strokea
|
2.22*
|
2.13
|
2.32
|
|
Patient total visitsa
|
1.34*
|
1.28
|
1.41
|
|
Male vs femaleb
|
1.10*
|
1.06
|
1.14
|
|
Age at the index date
|
1.06*
|
1.05
|
1.06
|
|
Metformin
|
Liver diseasea
|
0.96§
|
0.92
|
1.00
|
|
Diabetic nephropathya
|
0.96#
|
0.90
|
1.03
|
|
Diabetic neuropathya
|
0.94#
|
0.87
|
1.03
|
|
BMIa
|
0.90*
|
0.89
|
0.92
|
|
HbA1c level, %a
|
0.83*
|
0.80
|
0.86
|
|
Diabetic retinopathya
|
0.74*
|
0.70
|
0.79
|
- An OR > 1 indicates DPP-4 inhibitors were prescribed over metformin with the independent variable, and vice versa
- AD antidiabetes drugs, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DPP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase-4, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, ns non significant, OR odds ratio
- * p < 0.0001, §p = 0.044, #p = ns
- aAssessed within the 180 days before the index date
- bFemale were the referent group for male vs female. Patient’s total visits > sample median total visits vs patient’s total visits ≤ sample median total visits
