Fig. 4

Yearlong chloroquine trial design and results for carotid imaging. a Diagram of the vascular endpoint trial. After 12 months of placebo or chloroquine, both were stopped, then subjects returned at 24 months for limited additional studies. b CIMT results. Standard deviations (not included to simplify data presentation) and n values for these data follow. Chloroquine: 0, 0.76625 ± 0.17270 (n = 56); 6 months, 0.75827 ± 0.17634 (n = 56); 12 months, 0.75769 ± 0.16061 (n = 54); 24 months, 0.77450 ± 0.16540 (n = 53). Placebo: 0, 0.76900 ± 0.11653 (n = 53); 6 months, 0.76500 ± 0.13087 (n = 51); 12 months, 0.76833 ± 0.11487 (n = 50); 24 months, 0.77280 ± 0.13290 (n = 49). c MRI-determined contrast enhancement. P = 0.0697. d Representative images at baseline and at 12 months for the same vessels. e MRI-determined common carotid lumen area *P = 0.0033. f MRI-determined common carotid artery diameter. *P = 0.0019. Data represent mean ± SD in c, e, f. Analysis by mixed model testing in b, paired t tests in c, e, f