Variable | Group 1 | Group 2 | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
N (%) | 41 (26.8) | 112 (73.2) | |
Gender, female n (%) | 25 (61.0) | 52 (46.4) | 0.3 |
Duration of diabetes (year), median [IQR] | 8.0 [17.0] | 10.0 [13.0] | 0.4 |
Age (year), mean ± SD | 27.7 ± 15.2 | 26.3 ± 15.7 | 0.6 |
Mean age at diagnosis (year), mean ± SD | 15.1 ± 10.6 | 15.2 ± 9.9 | 0.9 |
Age range, n (%) | |||
1–13 year | 9 (22.0) | 9 (8.0) | |
14–19 year | 8 (19.6) | 30 (26.8) | 0.055 |
> 19 year | 24 (58.6) | 73 (65.2) | |
Years of study (year), mean ± SDa | 9.6 ± 4.8 | 10.3 ± 3.6 | 0.3 |
Time of follow-up (year), median [IQR] | 8 [17.0] | 9 [13.7] | 0.3 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
Caucasian | 24 (58.5) | 57 (50.9) | 0.2 |
Economic status, n (%) | 0.6 | ||
High | 0 | 0 | |
Medium | 10 (24.4) | 20 (17.9) | |
Low | 27 (65.9) | 83 (74.1) | |
Very low | 4 (9.8) | 9 (8.0) | |
Living in Rio de Janeiro City, yes n (%) | 31 (75.6) | 90 (80.4) | 0.5 |
Insulin U/kg | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 |
Glycemic control | |||
HbA1c (%), baseline | 8.9 ± 1.8 | 9.6 ± 2.3 | 0.08 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol), baseline | 82.1 ± 25.9 | 74.6 ± 20.8 | |
HbA1c (%), final | 8.6 ± 1.6 | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 0.1 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol), final | 76.9 ± 21.3 | 70.9 ± 17.6 | |
HbA1c (%), mean in 1 year | 8.7 ± 1.3 | 9.4 ± 1.8 | 0.01 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol), mean in 1 year | 79.8 ± 19.5 | 71.7 ± 14.2 | |
HbA1c (good), baseline; n (%)b | 7 (17.0) | 18 (16.0) | 0.5 |
HbA1c baseline ≥ 9.0%; n (%)c | 18 (43.9) | 62 (55.5) | 0.4 |
Hb1Ac (good), final; (%)b | 3 (7.3) | 10 (8.9) | 0.2 |
HbA1c final ≥ 9.0%; n (%)c | 12 (29.2) | 52 (46.4) | 0.09 |
HbA1c (good) (mean), (%)b | 3 (7.3) | 6 (5.4) | 0.3 |
HbA1c mean, ≥ 9.0%; n (%)c | 15 (36.5) | 54 (48.2) | 0.2 |
Diabetes management | |||
SMBG, n | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 0.3 |
Supply of glucose strips from SUS, n (%) | 33 (80.5) | 70 (62.5) | 0.04 |
Adherence to diet, yes n (%) | 15 (36.6) | 19 (17.0) | 0.01 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 ± 4.5 | 23.7 ± 4.8 | 0.2 |