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Table 3 Association between quartiles of adiponectin with metabolic syndrome risk score and its individual components, ERICA 2013–2014

From: Higher adiponectin concentrations are associated with reduced metabolic syndrome risk independently of weight status in Brazilian adolescents

Clinical outcomes

Quartiles of adiponectin

p for trends

First (n = 1092)

Second (n = 1101)

Third (n = 1112)

Fourth (n = 1241)b

β (95% CI)

Model 1: adjusted for sex, age, skin color and socioeconomic status

 Waist circumference, cm

Ref

− 1.65

(− 2.98, − 0.31)

− 3.04

(− 4.51, − 1.56)

− 3.83

(− 5.20, − 2.46)

< 0.001

 Systolic BP, mmHg

Ref

− 1.04

(− 2.29, 0.21)

− 0.75

(− 2.05, 0.55)

− 1.16

(− 2.70, 0.37)

0.220

 Diastolic BP, mmHg

Ref

− 0.07

(− 0.97, 0.84)

− 0.10

(− 1.08, 0.88)

− 0.31

(− 1.33, 0.71)

0.586

 Mean BP, mmHg

Ref

− 0.39

(− 1.33, 0.55)

− 0.32

(− 1.35, 0.71)

− 0.60

(− 1.72, 0.53)

0.381

 Triglycerides (log)a, mg/dl

Ref

0.001

(− 0.05, 0.05)

− 0.03

(− 0.07, 0.02)

− 0.07

(− 0.12, − 0.02)

0.002

 HDL-c, mg/dl

Ref

− 0.43

(− 1.57, 0.71)

1.34

(0.15, 2.53)

3.05

(1.83, 4.26)

< 0.001

 Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl

Ref

0.16

(− 0.65, 0.97)

− 0.10

(− 0.84, 0.64)

− 0.43

(− 1.46, 0.59)

0.308

 MetS-z, z-score

Ref

− 0.16

(− 0.45, 0.14)

− 0.55

(− 0.86, − 0.24)

− 0.98

(− 1.27, − 0.69)

< 0.001

 MetS-z without waist circumference, z-score

Ref

0.22

(− 0.25, 0.29)

− 0.22

(− 0.49, 0.05)

− 0.57

(− 0.82, − 0.32)

< 0.001

Model 2: adjusted for variables in model 1 plus physical activity and skipping breakfast

 Waist circumference, cm

Ref

− 1.94

(− 3.36, − 0.53)

− 3.28

(− 4.84, − 1.73)

− 4.07

(− 5.56, − 2.58)

< 0.001

 Systolic BP, mmHg

Ref

− 1.20

(− 2.47, 0.07)

− 0.86

(− 2.22, 0.51)

− 1.39

(− 3.02, 0.24)

0.165

 Diastolic BP, mmHg

Ref

− 0.17

(− 1.13, 0.79)

− 0.09

(− 1.09, 0.91)

− 0.48

(− 1.56, 0.60)

0.472

 Mean BP, mmHg

Ref

− 0.51

(− 1.49, 0.47)

− 0.35

(− 1.41, 0.72)

− 0.78

(− 1.98, 0.41)

0.293

 Triglycerides (log)a, mg/dl

Ref

− 0.01

(− 0.06, 0.04)

− 0.04

(− 0.09, 0.01)

− 0.08

(− 0.12, − 0.0− 3)

0.001

 HDL-c, mg/dl

Ref

− 0.23

(− 1.40, 0.95)

1.87

(0.59, 3.15)

3.02

(1.77, 4.27)

< 0.001

 Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl

Ref

− 0.05

(− 0.92, 0.82)

− 0.44

(− 1.28, 0.39)

− 0.62

(− 1.65, 0.41)

0.143

 MetS-z, z-score

Ref

− 0.29

(− 0.60, 0.02)

− 0.71

(− 1.06, − 0.37)

− 1.07

(− 1.38, − 0.75)

< 0.001

 MetS-z without waist circumference, z-score

Ref

− 0.08

(− 0.36, 0.19)

− 0.36

(− 0.65, − 0.07)

− 0.63

(− 0.88, − 0.38)

< 0.001

Model 3: adjusted for variables in models 2 plus body mass index

 Waist circumference, cm

Ref

− 0.42

(− 0.97, 0.14)

− 0.27

(− 0.86, 0.31)

− 0.81

(− 1.52, − 0.11)

0.030

 Systolic BP, mmHg

Ref

− 0.28

(− 0.58, 1.01)

0.96

(− 0.28, 2.20)

0.59

(− 0.78, 1.95)

0.218

 Diastolic BP, mmHg

Ref

0.23

(− 0.72, 1.17)

0.68

(− 0.21, 1.57)

0.37

(− 0.62, 1.37)

0.373

 Mean BP, mmHg

Ref

0.05

(− 0.92, 1.02)

0.78

(− 0.15, 1.71)

0.44

(− 0.61, 1.50)

0.275

 Triglycerides (log)a, mg/dl

Ref

0.001

(− 0.50, 0.05)

− 0.01

(− 0.06, 0.04)

− 0.04

(− 0.09, 0.001)

0.049

 HDL-c, mg/dl

Ref

− 0.60

(− 1.79, 0.60)

1.11

(− 0.24, 2.46)

2.22

(0.98, 3.47)

< 0.001

 Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl

Ref

0.03

(− 0.85, 0.91)

− 0.28

(− 1.13, 0.58)

− 0.43

(− 1.49, 0.63)

0.318

 MetS-z, z-scorec

Ref

0.02

(− 0.25, 0.30)

− 0.10

(− 0.38, 0.18)

− 0.40

(− 0.66, − 0.14)

0.005

 MetS-z without waist circumference, z-scorec

Ref

0.10

(− 0.20, 0.39)

− 0.04

(− 0.33, 0.25)

− 0.28

(− 0.53, − 0.03)

0.031

  1. BP, blood pressure; HDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; MetS-z, metabolic syndrome risk z-score
  2. aTriglycerides was log transformed
  3. bHighest values
  4. cMean of MetS-z: − 0.05 (SE 0.09); mean of MetS-z without waist circumference: − 0.04 (SE 0.06), p for heterogeneity < 0.001
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

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