Prevalence and clinical characteristics of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in newly diagnosed patients with ketosis-onset diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Jun-Wei Wang; Ai-Ping Wang; Ming-Yun Chen; Jun-Xi Lu; Jiang-Feng Ke; Lian-Xi Li; Wei-Ping Jia

doi:10.1186/s13098-019-0426-x

Table 1 Characteristics of the newly diagnosed diabetic participants

From: Prevalence and clinical characteristics of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in newly diagnosed patients with ketosis-onset diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Variables	Type 1 diabetes (n = 83)	Ketosis-onset diabetes (n = 279)	Non-ketotic type 2 diabetes (n = 372)	P- value	‡P- value
Age (years)	44 ± 21	50 ± 15	55 ± 14	< 0.001	< 0.001
Male (n, %)	47 (56.6%)	194 (69.5%)	223 (59.9%)	0.018	0.018
Smoking (n, %)	19 (22.9%)	106 (38.0%)	122 (32.8%)	0.026	0.161
Alcohol (n, %)	9 (10.8%)	58 (20.8%)	73 (19.6%)	0.106	0.185
SBP (mmHg)	121 ± 14	125 ± 16	128 ± 17	< 0.001	0.038
DBP (mmHg)	76 ± 9	80 ± 10	81 ± 10	< 0.001	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	21.6 ± 4	24.4 ± 3.7	24.8 ± 3.4	< 0.001	< 0.001
WHR	0.86 ± 0.07	0.91 ± 0.06	0.91 ± 0.06	< 0.001	< 0.001
FPG (mmol/l)^a	7.7 (5.6–11.1)	9.4 (7.2–12.1)	7.8 (6.5–10)	< 0.001	< 0.001
2-hPPG (mmol/l)^a	13.1 (9.8–17.7)	15.4 (12.2–19.3)	13.8 (10.7–17.3)	< 0.001	< 0.001
HbA1C (%)	11.11 ± 3.32	11.56 ± 2.51	10.03 ± 2.68	< 0.001	< 0.001
FCP (ng/ml)^a	0.57 (0.27–1.19)	1.08 (0.5–1.83)	1.93 (1.27–2.85)	< 0.001	< 0.001
2-h PCP (ng/ml)^a	1.26 (0.59–2.46)	2.04 (0.99–3.63)	4.31 (2.66–5.73)	< 0.001	< 0.001
HOMA2- %S	184.9 (86.6–344.43)	97.8 (55–193.2)	61.1 (41.53–90.85)	< 0.001	< 0.001
HOMA2-IR	0.55 (0.3–1.15)	1 (0.5–1.8)	1.6 (1.1–2.4)	< 0.001	< 0.001
TC (mmol/l)	4.46 ± 1	4.75 ± 1.17	4.75 ± 1.17	0.101	0.029
TG (mmol/l)^a	1.04 (0.7–1.53)	1.3 (0.9–2.1)	1.5 (1.1–2.2)	< 0.001	0.010
HDL-C (mmol/l)	1.24 ± 0.36	1.07 ± 0.34	1.10 ± 0.28	< 0.001	< 0.001
LDL-C (mmol/l)	2.83 ± 0.89	3.12 ± 0.95	3.19 ± 1.00	0.010	0.002
ALT (U/l)^a	20 (13–29)	22 (14–37)	22 (15–39)	0.380	0.534
SCr (μmol/l)^a	61 (50–75)	66 (55–76)	66 (54–78)	0.096	0.924
SUA (μmol/l)^a	264 (226–319)	279 (220–351)	311 (251–373)	< 0.001	< 0.001
UAE (mg/24 h)^a	8.0 (5.2–12.5)	9.4 (6.4–20)	10.2 (6.5–19.6)	0.006	0.644
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)^a	123 (100–163)	121 (101–145)	115 (95–135)	0.002	0.003
CRP (mg/l)^a	0.57 (0.2–1.63)	1.1 (0.49–3.48)	1.26 (0.53–2.96)	< 0.001	< 0.001

Data are presented as means and standard deviations, or medians with interquartile range, or percentages
P value: crude P-values
‡P-value: ‡P-values adjusted for age and gender
^aNon-normal distribution of quantitative variables

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