Fig. 1

Characterization of SHED and BMSCs. a Characterization of SHED. SHED showed a fibroblast-like morphology. Multilineage differentiation potency including osteogenesis as identified by Alizarin Red staining; adipogenesis as identified by Oil Red O staining. b BMSCs showed a fibroblast-like morphology. c Flow cytometry of SHED. SHED expressed low levels of CD34 (0.4%) and CD45 (1.2%) and expressed high levels of CD73 (97.7%), CD90 (98.1%), CD105 (70.2%), and CD146 (63.5%)