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Table 3 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for incident metabolic syndrome according to classifications of total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyltransferase

From: Potential impact of the joint association of total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyltransferase with metabolic syndrome

 

Unadjusted

Model 1

Model 2

(A) Men and women

 Total bilirubin high and GGT low

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Both total bilirubin and GGT low

1.74 (1.28–2.40)

1.38 (1.01–1.91)

1.37 (1.002–1.89)

 Total bilirubin low and GGT high

4.55 (3.46–6.09)

2.45 (1.86–3.30)

1.88 (1.42–2.52)

 Both total bilirubin and GGT high

3.97 (2.99–5.35)

2.49 (1.87–3.37)

2.07 (1.56–2.80)

(B) Men

 Total bilirubin high and GGT low

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Both total bilirubin and GGT low

1.48 (1.03–2.17)

1.22 (0.85–1.80)

1.21 (0.83–1.77)

 Total bilirubin low and GGT high

3.65 (2.64–5.16)

2.17 (1.56–3.08)

1.69 (1.22–2.39)

 Both total bilirubin and GGT high

3.63 (2.60–5.19)

2.25 (1.60–3.23)

1.86 (1.32–2.67)

(C) Women

 Total bilirubin high and GGT low

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Both total bilirubin and GGT low

2.21 (1.25–4.09)

1.86 (1.05–3.44)

1.78 (1.005–3.30)

 Total bilirubin low and GGT high

6.09 (3.68–10.76)

3.14 (1.88–5.59)

2.36 (1.41–4.19)

 Both total bilirubin and GGT high

4.89 (2.93–8.71)

3.01 (1.79–5.38)

2.56 (1.52–4.56)

  1. Model 1: adjusted for age, body mass index, exercise, and smoking status. Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and the number of metabolic syndrome factors. The overall total bilirubin range was divided into two subranges: low total bilirubin (< 15.4 μmol/L in men and < 12.0 μmol/L in women) and high total bilirubin (≥ 15.4 μmol/L in men and ≥ 12.0 μmol/L in women). The overall gamma-glutamyltransferase range was also divided into two subranges: low gamma-glutamyltransferase (< 0.44 μkat/L in men and < 0.26 μkat/L in women) and high gamma-glutamyltransferase (≥ 0.44 μkat/L in men and ≥ 0.26 μkat/L in women)