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Table 3 Change in changes in metabolic criteria across a cross the study groups

From: Comparative effects of vitamin D and vitamin C supplementations with and without endurance physical activity on metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled trial

Variables

Groups (n = 141)

P valueg

Vit D (n = 24)a

Vita D + PA (n = 21)b

Vit C (n = 26)c

Vit C + PA (n = 23)d

Placebo (n = 25)e

Placebo + PA (n = 22)f

Weight (kg)

.4 ± 1.3

− 2.8 ± 7.9

− 1.6 ± 2.2

− 1.8 ± 4.3

− .03 ± 1.3

− 1.2 ± 1

.058

BMI (kg/m2)

.16 ± .5

− 1.3 ± 3.5

− .6 ± .8

− .6 ± 1.3

− .01 ± .5

− .5 ± .4

.031

WC (cm)

− .04 ± 2.1

− 1.2 ± 2.2

− 1.2 ± 2.3

− 4.2 ± 6.1

− 1.4 ± 3.6

− 3.6 ± 1.4

.001

FPG (mg/dL)

− 10.2 ± 15.9

− 8.3 ± 16.2

− 1.7 ± 11

− 3.3 ± 14.3

− 2.6 ± 19.7

− 7.4 ± 14.6

.325

SBP (mmHg)

− 5.8 ± 7.1

− 2.9 ± 9.7

− .1 ± 8

44.1 ± 251.1

1 ± 8.2

− 5.7 ± 7.9

.552

DBP (mmHg)

1 ± 6.9

− 1.9 ± 7.7

.6 ± 7.4

.2 ± 8.2

1.6 ± 8.7

− 2.3 ± 6.3

.434

TC (mg/dL)

− 13 ± 42.3

− 13 ± 16.7

5.4 ± 24.9

− 3.1 ± 22.4

10.9 ± 32.8

− 9.3 ± 17

.012

TG (mg/dL)

4.6 ± 32.9

− 6.4 ± 29.4

− 22.3 ± 31.2

− 25 ± 68.8

11.2 ± 29.8

− 6.1 ± 18.8

.006

LDL-C (mg/dL)

− 13.7 ± 43.8

− 11.3 ± 19.8

9.8 ± 24.8

− 1 ± 27.8

8.3 ± 30.9

− 7.7 ± 17.9

.017

HDL-C (mg/dL)

− 1.3 ± 12.9

− 1.9 ± 13.4

.1 ± 11.1

14.3 ± 20

1.7 ± 7.2

− 1.9 ± 13.9

.001

Vit D (ng/mL)

12.4 ± 4.3

18.6 ± 6.8

–

–

.5 ± 1.3

7.9 ± 2.8

.001

Vit C (ng/mL)

–

–

.5 ± .5

.9 ± .4

− .07 ± .5

.1 ± .5

.001

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation (SD)
  2. PA, physical activity; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumferences; FPG, fasting blood sugar; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
  3. aReceiving 2000 IU vitamin D per day
  4. bReceiving 2000 IU vitamin D per day plus 30 min endurance physical activity
  5. cReceiving 500 mg vitamin C per day
  6. dReceiving 500 mg vitamin C per day plus 30 min endurance physical activity
  7. eReceiving one placebo per day
  8. fReceiving one placebo per day plus 30 min endurance physical activity
  9. gObtained from ANOVA or Chi square test, where appropriate