From: Accuracy of insulin resistance indices for metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study in adults
Metabolic syndrome | |||
---|---|---|---|
Absent | Present | P valuea | |
Number (%) | 43 (23.5) | 140 (76.5) | – |
Women n (%) | 35 (81.4) | 99 (70.7) | 0.235 |
Age (years) | 47.0 ± 12.8 | 54.1 ± 11.1 | 0.001d |
White ethnicity n (%)b | 34 (79.1) | 110 (78.5) | 0.811 |
Smoking n (%) | 5 (11.6) | 17 (12.1) | 0.617 |
Physical activityc | 0.057 | ||
Sedentary n (%) | 16 (37.2) | 78 (55.7) | – |
Light exercise n (%) | 18 (41.9) | 42 (30.0) | – |
Moderate exercise n (%) | 6 (14.0) | 18 (12.9) | – |
Heavy exercise n (%) | 3 (7.0) | 2 (1.4) | – |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.8 ± 5.1 | 32.3 ± 5.9 | < 0.05d |
Overweight n (%) | 17 (39.5%) | 50 (35.7%) | < 0.05d |
Obesity n (%) | 14 (32.6%) | 83 (59.2%) | < 0.05d |
Waist circumference (cm) | < 0.05d | ||
Women | 95.0 ± 13.4 | 103.0 ± 12.2 | |
Men | 93.8 ± 11.4 | 107.0 ± 12.2 | |
Glucose tolerance status | < 0.001d | ||
Normal glucose tolerance n (%) | 39 (90.7) | 19 (13.6) | |
Prediabetes n (%) | 3 (7.0) | 78 (55.7) | |
Type 2 diabetes n (%) | 1 (2.3) | 43 (30.7) | |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.0 (4.5–5.5) | 5.8 (5.2–6.3) | < 0.05d |
2-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.1 (4.9–6.9) | 9.5 (8.3–11.6) | < 0.05d |
HbA1c (%) | 5.5 (5.3–5.8) | 6.2 (5.7–6.7) | < 0.001d |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 37 (34–40) | 44 (39–50) | < 0.001d |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.35 (1.21–1.61) | 1.19 (1.01–1.37) | < 0.05d |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.11 (0.78–1.52) | 1.45 (1.11–1.99) | < 0.05d |
High-sensitive C-reactive protein (nmol/l) | 15.2 (5.7–31.4) | 38.1 (12.4–80.0) | < 0.001d |
Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 16.5 (10.4–21.8) | 11.0 (7.9–14.0) | 0.001d |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 123.5 (115–135) | 142.5 (128.3–161.1) | < 0.05d |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 78.7 ± 11.2 | 87.6 ± 13.1 | < 0.05d |
Medications | |||
Antihypertensive n (%) | 9 (20.9) | 75 (53.5) | < 0.001d |
Statin n (%) | 4 (9.5) | 24 (17.1) | 0.325 |
Hypoglycemic n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (6.4) | 0.164 |
Insulin resistance indices | |||
2 h-insulin/2 h-glucose ratio | 0.27 (0.40–0.70) | 0.60 (0.37–0.96) | 0.141 |
Fasting insulin (Ins0min) | 7.7 (4.9–10.3) | 12.5 (7.9–18.3) | < 0.001b |
Fasting insulin/fasting glucose ratio | 0.08 (0.05–0.10) | 0.12 (0.07–0.17) | 0.013b |
FIRI | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | 3.0 (1.8–4.3) | < 0.001b |
HOMA-IR | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 3.3 (2.0–4.8) | < 0.001b |
HOMA-2-IR | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.25 (0.20–0.40) | < 0.001b |
Matsuda | 2.2 (1.6–3.2) | 3.6 (2.8–5.1) | < 0.001b |
Insulin sensitivity indices | |||
Avignon | 14.0 (9.2–26.2) | 6.2 (4.1–9.6) | < 0.001b |
Bennet | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | 0.45 (0.39–0.55) | < 0.001b |
Gutt | 4.5 (3.7–5.4) | 2.4 (2.1–3.2) | < 0.001b |
HOMA-2-IS | 692 (525–1081) | 410 (278–654) | < 0.001b |
ISI0min | 15.1 (10.3–22.8) | 7.5 (5.2–11.8) | < 0.001b |
ISI120min | 69.8 (27.7–40.4) | 60.9 (37.2–95.9) | 0.141 |
McAuley | 8.3 (7.5–9.7) | 7.1 (6.3–8.3) | 0.001b |
OGIS | 422 (379–467) | 325 (276–371) | < 0.001b |
QUICKI | 3.1 (3.0–3.4) | 2.9 (2.8–3.1) | 0.059 |
Raynaud | 5.2 (3.9–8.2) | 3.2 (2.2–5.0) | < 0.001b |
Stumvoll with demographics | 12.2 (9.6–15.2) | 14.1 (2.2–27.8) | < 0.001b |
Stumvoll without demographics | 0.5 (0.5–1.0) | 0.3 (0.25–0.50) | < 0.001b |
Other indices | |||
Adiponectin | 16.5 (10.0–22.9) | 11.1 (8.2–14) | 0.001b |
HOMA-AD | 2.4 (1.6–3.9) | 6.1 (3.5–12.4) | < 0.001b |