From: Association between dietary protein intake and type 2 diabetes varies by dietary pattern
Energy-adjusted total protein intake quintiles, OR (95% CI) | P for trend | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
Total protein | |||||
Overall | 1 | 0.89 (0.66, 1.20) | 1.09 (0.80, 1.46) | 1.23 (0.89, 1.69) | 0.117 |
Legumes and seafood | 1 | 0.65 (0.37, 1.10) | 0.97 (0.58, 1.61) | 0.78 (0.45, 1.36) | 0.892 |
Red meat | 1 | 1.74 (0.97, 3.27) | 2.80 (1.57, 5.01) | 3.12 (1.65, 5.91) | < 0.001 |
Refined grains | 1 | 0.93 (0.58, 1.51) | 1.02 (0.62, 1.69) | 1.06 (0.63, 1.81) | 0.298 |
Animal protein | |||||
Overall | 1 | 0.76 (0.56, 1.02) | 0.81 (0.59, 1.12) | 1.32 (0.93, 1.89) | 0.104 |
Legumes and seafood | 1 | 0.80 (0.47, 1.37) | 0.85 (0.50, 1.51) | 1.03 (0.54, 1.77) | 0.770 |
Red meat | 1 | 2.42 (1.38, 4.33) | 2.87 (1.57 ,5.34) | 3.48 (1.87, 6.60) | < 0.001 |
Refined grains | 1 | 0.70 (0.45, 1.10) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.03) | 0.55 (0.32, 0.89) | < 0.05 |
Plant protein | |||||
Overall | 1 | 0.86 (0.65, 1.14) | 0.75 (0.57, 1.02) | 0.72 (0.51, 0.95) | < 0.05 |
Legumes and seafood | 1 | 0.77 (0.48, 1.24) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.01) | 0.58 (0.33, 0.96) | < 0.05 |
Red meat | 1 | 1.48 (0.87, 2.63) | 1.28 (0.74, 2.27) | 1.20 (0.628, 2.21) | 0.205 |
Refined grains | 1 | 0.88 (0.54, 1.42) | 1.06 (0.67, 1.69) | 1.09 (0.67, 1.81) | 0.289 |