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Table 2 Average percentage of total protein intake from individual food group across protein food cluster analysis of 8774 men and women from the CHNS study

From: Association between dietary protein intake and type 2 diabetes varies by dietary pattern

Food group

Legumes and seafood

Red meat

Refined grains

N (case)

2984 (182)

2569 (174)

3140 (204)

Red meat, %

10.9 ± 7.1

33.1 ± 9.9

7.3 ± 7.6

Poultry, %

4.1 ± 7.5

3.3 ± 6.0

1.3 ± 4.2

Dairy, %

1.0 ± 3.9

0.6 ± 2.3

0.1 ± 1.2

Egg, %

6.7 ± 6.6

4.3 ± 5.2

5.3 ± 6.2

Seafood, %

8.7 ± 10.1

4.7 ± 6.6

1.8 ± 4.4

Refined grains, %

34.2 ± 10.2

33.9 ± 10.2

63.5 ± 11.0

Coarse cereals, %

5.4 ± 9.2

1.9 ± 4.0

4.1 ± 6.0

Vegetables, %

7.8 ± 5.0

8.0 ± 4.6

8.3 ± 5.1

Fruits, %

0.5 ± 1.1

0.4 ± 0.9

0.2 ± 0.7

Legumes, %

14.3 ± 13.6

4.8 ± 6.1

3.9 ± 5.8

Tubers, %

0.2 ± 1.0

0.2 ± 0.8

0.1 ± 0.4

Nuts and seeds, %

1.3 ± 4.2

0.7 ± 2.5

0.5 ± 2.6

  1. A K-means cluster analysis was used to classify participants into mutually exclusive groups
  2. Naming of clusters was determined by the value which represent the highest consumption of one or two food groups compared with other clusters
  3. Percentage of total protein intake across the each food group was used
  4. Mean ± SE