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Table 1 Characteristics of 14,893 participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), 2008–2010

From: Optimal cut-off points for waist circumference in the definition of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults: baseline analyses of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Characteristics

Total sample

Men

Women

n

%

n

%

n

%

Age (years)

 35–44

3312

22.2

1543

22.8

1769

21.8

 45–54

5867

39.4

2644

39.0

3223

39.7

 55–64

4157

27.9

1816

26.8

2341

28.8

 65–74

1557

10.5

769

11.4

788

9.7

Self-declared skin colour/race category

 White

7771

52.2

3589

53.0

4182

51.5

 Brown (‘pardo’)

4197

28.2

2023

29.9

2174

26.8

 Black

2394

16.1

940

13.9

1454

17.9

 Asian

374

2.5

128

1.9

246

3.0

 Indigenous

157

1.0

92

1.3

65

0.8

Educational level

 Incomplete primary education

876

5.9

551

8.2

325

4.0

 Complete primary education

1019

6.8

570

8.4

449

5.5

 Complete high school

5179

34.8

2250

33.2

2929

36.1

 University degree

7819

52.5

3401

50.2

4418

54.4

Body mass index

 Low/normal (BMI < 25 kg/m2)

5494

36.9

2312

34.2

3182

39.2

 Overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2)

5995

40.3

3063

45.2

2932

36.1

 Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)

3398

22.8

1394

20.6

2004

24.7

Metabolic syndromea

 If WC defined by JIS for ethnic Central and South Americansb

6960

46.7

3663

54.1

3297

40.6

 If WC defined by JIS for Caucasians/Europids or Sub-Saharan Africansc

6587

44.2

3290

48.6

3297

40.6

Components of metabolic syndromea

 Elevated WC

  Defined for ethnic Central and South Americansb

10,312

69.2

4518

66.7

5794

71.3

  Defined for Caucasians/Europids or Sub-Saharan Africansc

9365

62.9

3571

52.7

5794

71.3

 Elevated fasting glucosed

10,664

71.6

5525

81.6

5139

63.3

 Elevated blood pressuree

7637

51.3

4040

59.7

3597

44.3

 Elevated triglyceridesf

4705

31.6

2806

41.4

1899

23.4

Low HDL-Cg

2807

18.8

1086

16.0

1721

21.2

  1. WC waist circumference, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, JIS Joint Interim Statement [7]
  2. a Defined by the JIS criteria, using specific WC cut-offs
  3. b WC ≥ 90 cm for men; ≥ 80 cm for women
  4. c WC ≥ 94 cm for men; ≥ 80 cm for women
  5. d Fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated glucose
  6. e Systolic ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥ 80 mmHg, or antihypertensive drug treatment
  7. f Triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L (150 mg/dL) or drug treatment for elevated triglycerides (fibrates and nicotinic acid)
  8. g HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/L (40 mg/dL) for men and < 1.29 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) for women, or drug treatment for low HDL-C (fibrates and nicotinic acid)