Adipose tissue-derived cytokines and their correlations with clinical characteristics in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 4 Correlation between the relative ratios of studied cytokines and clinical parameters of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Clinical characteristics	Resistin/MCP-1		Resistin/RBP4		Visfatin/MCP-1		Visfatin/SFRP5		MCP-1/RBP4		Leptin/MCP-1
Clinical characteristics	ρ (rho)	P value	ρ (rho)	P value	ρ (rho)	P value	ρ (rho)	P value	ρ (rho)	P value	ρ (rho)	P value
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)	0.01	0.88	− 0.47	< 0.0001	0.35	< 0.0001	0.1	0.29	0.51	< 0.0001	0.2	0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	− 0.08	0.23	− 0.19	0.006	0.1	0.2	0.12	0.2	0.09	0.16	0.08	0.17
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	− 0.07	0.3	− 0.02	0.8	− 0.03	0.7	− 0.09	0.32	0.05	0.48	0.12	0.55
HDL-C (mmol/l)	− 0.004	0.95	0.12	0.08	− 0.1	0.24	− 0.17	0.08	− 0.07	0.28	− 0.03	0.66
LDL-C (mmol/l)	0.008	0.9	0.06	0.4	− 0.02	0.78	− 0.22	0.019	0.01	0.8	0.13	0.035
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (%)	− 0.04	0.58	0.43	< 0.0001	0.23	0.004	0.03	0.7	0.44	< 0.0001	0.17	0.008
Insulin (mIU/l)	0.05	0.43	0.08	0.24	− 0.04	0.61	0.03	0.79	− 0.08	0.21	0.31	< 0.0001
HOMA-IR	0.04	0.59	− 0.17	0.014	0.14	0.084	0.083	0.39	0.19	0.003	0.35	< 0.0001
QUICKI	− 0.05	0.44	0.17	0.014	− 0.16	0.055	− 0.08	0.41	− 0.21	0.002	− 0.35	< 0.0001
HOMA-β	0.06	0.35	0.45	< 0.0001	− 0.25	0.002	− 0.1	0.31	− 0.46	< 0.0001	0.02	0.72

Relative ratios of resistin/MCP-1, resistin/RBP4, visfatin/MCP-1, visfatin/SFRP5, MCP-1/RBP4, leptin/MCP-1 were calculated and correlated with insulin levels, and HOMA-IR, QUICKI and HOMA-β indexes. The correlations were calculated by using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Spearman’s rho (ρ) and P values are presented
HOMA-IR Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, QUICKI Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, HOMA-β homeostatic model assessment-β-cell function, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol