Adipose tissue-derived cytokines and their correlations with clinical characteristics in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Nguyen Linh Toan; Nguyen Van Hoan; Doan Viet Cuong; Nguyen Viet Dung; Phan The Dung; Ngo Thu Hang; Do Thi Huyen Dieu; Dang Thanh Chung; Ho Anh Son; Pham Xuan Phong; George Binh Lenon; Doan Van De; Hoang Van Tong

doi:10.1186/s13098-018-0343-4

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and controls

From: Adipose tissue-derived cytokines and their correlations with clinical characteristics in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Characteristics	Type 2 diabetes mellitus			Without type 2 diabetes mellitus			P value (*)
Characteristics	Overweight T2DM (n = 50)	Non-overweight T2DM (n = 88)	P value	Overweight individuals (n = 29)	Non-overweight individuals (n = 100)	P value	P value (*)
Demographics
Age (years)	58 [40–84]	59 [40–69]	NS	59 [35–80]	57 [37–70]	NS	NS
Gender (M/F)	29/21	50/38	NS	13/16	30/70	NS	0.0001
Smoking (yes/no)	5/45	14/74	NS	2/27	4/96	NS	0.011
Alcohol usage (yes/no)	15/35	26/62	NS	6/23	6/94	0.027	< 0.0001
Physical exercise (yes/no)	35/15	73/15	NS	16/13	82/18	0.006	NS
Family history of T2DM (yes/no)	3/47	11/77	NS	2/27	1/99	NS	0.009
Anthropometrics
WHR	0.94 [0.86–1.07]	0.92 [0.83–1.18]	< 0.0001	0.93 [0.82–1.1]	0.88 [0.72–1.3]	0.001	< 0.0001
BMI	26.7 [25–36.3]	22.4 [17.7–24.9]	< 0.0001	26.2 [25.1–29.6]	22.3 [16–24.9]	< 0.0001	0.008
Biochemical and clinical characteristics
GOT (AST) (U/l)	22 [10–60]	19 [10–65]	0.025	27 [19–46]	24 [4–105]	0.043	0.006
GPT (ALT) (U/l)	28 [11–109]	19.5 [8–86]	0.001	29 [19–68]	21 [7–177]	0.001	NS
Total bilirubin (µmol/l)	9.4 [4.3–21.2]	7.5 [3.4–21.6]	0.047	9.4 [4.4–18.7]	9.8 [2.7–30]	NS	0.001
Blood urea (mmol/l)	5.2 [3.2–9]	5.4 [2.1–11.8]	NS	5.5 [3.6–8.7]	5.65 [2.7–9.2]	NS	NS
Blood creatinine (µmol/l)	69.5 [38–123]	68 [38–121]	NS	67 [48–128]	64 [45–96]	NS	0.015
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)	8.6 [7–28.9]	7.65 [7–21.6]	0.002	5.3 [4.3–5.6]	5.3 [4–5.6]	NA	< 0.0001
Urine glucose (pos/neg)	10/40	12/76	NS	0/29	6/94	NA	0.0026
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	2.5 [0.4–9.1]	1.8 [0.34–19.6]	0.014	1.97 [0.5–6.0]	1.43 [0.3–16.8]	NS	0.023
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.0 [2.9–9.2]	5.0 [3.8–8.5]	NS	4.6 [3.3–7.3]	5.2 [3.0–7.8]	0.012	NS
HDL-C (mmol/l)	1.1 [0.6–1.85]	1.2 [0.7–4.6]	0.042	1.26 [0.9–2.1]	1.35 [0.7–2.7]	0.019	0.002
LDL-C (mmol/l)	2.7 [0.8–4.1]	3.0 [1.0–4.5]	NS	2.7 [0.8–4.8]	3.0 [1.1–5.9]	0.037	NS
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (%)	7 [5.4–14.4]	6.8 [5.2–10.9]	NS	5.9 [4–6.4]	5.6 [4.2–8.5]	0.004	< 0.0001
Insulin (mIU/l)	8.96 [2.7–54.5]	6.5 [1.3–23.2]	0.002	7.8 [3.5–10.2]	6.4 [0.08–17.5]	NS	0.004
HOMA-IR	3.6 [1.3–48.9]	2.3 [0.4–9.7]	< 0.0001	1.8 [0.8–2.5]	1.5 [0.01–4.2]	NS	< 0.0001
QUICKI	0.8 [0.5–0.9]	0.86 [0.7–1.07]	< 0.0001	0.9 [0.8–1.4]	0.9 [0.7–1.6]	NS	< 0.0001
HOMA-β	33.6 [3.5–279.2]	27.4 [4.6–111.5]	NS	89.9 [38.5–222.1]	74.1 [3.0–370.8]	NS	< 0.0001

T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI body mass index, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, GOT Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (AST), GPT Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (ALT), HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HOMA-IR Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, QUICKI Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, HOMA-β homeostatic model assessment-β-cell function, NA not applicable
Values given are medians and range
(*) Comparison between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and control individuals. P values were calculated by Chi square, Fisher’s exact tests or multi-factor ANOVA, where appropriate

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