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Table 2 Comparison of constructs in two groups at baseline and 3-months follow-up

From: The effectiveness of stress management training on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes

Variable

Time group

Baseline mean ± SD

3-months follow-up mean ± SD

P-value*

Stress

Experimental group

4.6 ± 33.9

4.7 ± 26.7

0.001

Control group

6.5 ± 35

7 ± 34.5

0.14

P-value**

0.38

0.001

–

 Problem-Focused Coping Strategies

Experimental group

9 ± 43.6

3.9 ± 51.4

0.001

Control group

5.9 ± 46.1

8.1 ± 45.7

0.16

P-value**

0.13

0.001

–

 Emotion-Focused Coping Strategies

Experimental group

5.5 ± 35.6

4.9 ± 42.9

0.001

Control group

8.2 ± 37.8

8.1 ± 38.8

0.544

P-value**

0.17

0.009

–

 Avoidance-focused coping strategies

Experimental group

41.0 ± 5.1

2.7 ± 45.3

0.001

Control group

5.9 ± 42.4

4.9 ± 41.6

0.19

P-value**

0.29

0.001

–

Self-efficacy use problem-focused coping

Experimental group

10.5 ± 57.2

11.4 ± 67.3

0.001

Control group

11.6 ± 61.8

11.2 ± 60.7

0.233

P-value**

0.07

0.02

–

Self-efficacy stop unpleasant emotions and thoughts

Experimental group

9.2 ± 51.3

10.5 ± 59.5

0.001

Control group

11.2 ± 52.1

11.2 ± 53.2

0.234

P-value**

0.71

0.03

 

Self-efficacy gaining friends and family support

Experimental group

8.1 ± 28.5

34.5 ± 5.9

0.001

Control group

9 ± 31.9

30.2 ± 9.7

0.08

P-value**

0.08

0.03

 

Social support

Experimental group

8.1 ± 38.5

6.3 ± 46.7

0.401

Control group

7.4 ± 39.4

8.4 ± 40.3

0.007

P-value**

0.63

0.004

–

  1. * Paired T-test; ** Independent T-test