Overall n = 170 | Normal weight n = 64 | Overweight n = 62 | Obese n = 44 | p valuea | p valueb | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||||
Age, years | 78.9 ± 7.5 | 79.3 ± 8.3 | 79.5 ± 7.1 | 77.6 ± 6.8 | 1 | 0.08 |
Male, n (%) | 84 (49.4) | 40 (62.5) | 29 (46.8) | 15 (24.0) | 0.07 | 0.19 |
Risk factors | ||||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 138 (81.2) | 48 (75.1) | 50 (80.7) | 40 (90.9) | 0.44 | 0.15 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 118 (69.4) | 38 (59.4) | 44 (70.2) | 36 (81.8) | 0.17 | 0.20 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 70 (41.2) | 21 (32.8) | 25 (40.3) | 24 (54.6) | 0.38 | 0.15 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 5 (2.9) | 2 (3.1) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (4.5) | 0.08 | 0.85 |
Former smoker, n (%) | 23 (13.5) | 8 (12.5) | 9 (14.5) | 6 (13.6) | 0.87 | 0.79 |
History/comorbidity | ||||||
AF, n (%) | 57 (33.5) | 23 (35.9) | 15 (24.2) | 19 (43.2) | 0.15 | 0.04 |
COPD, n (%) | 49 (28.8) | 19 (36.7) | 15 (24.2) | 15 (34.1) | 0.48 | 0.27 |
Anaemia, n (%) | 75 (44.1) | 25 (39.1) | 28 (45.2) | 22 (50) | 0.48 | 0.26 |
Neoplasia, n (%) | 23 (13.5) | 10 (15.6) | 10 (16.1) | 3 (6.8) | 0.94 | 0.18 |
Echocardiography | ||||||
AVA, cm2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.58 ± 0.14 | 0.63 ± 0.17 | 0.61 ± 0.22 | 0.62 | 1 |
AVAi, cm2/m2 | 0.3 ± 0.09 | 0.35 ± 0.07 | 0.35 ± 0.09 | 0.32 ± 0.11 | 0.94 | 0.06 |
PG, mmHg | 82.3 ± 22.4 | 84.1 ± 21.6 | 78.1 ± 19.5 | 85.3 ± 26.3 | 0.14 | 0.61 |
MG, mmHg | 50.2 ± 14.6 | 50.9 ± 13.9 | 47.7 ± 13.6 | 52.1 ± 16.7 | 0.23 | 1 |
LVEF, % | 51.2 ± 10.4 | 49.3 ± 12.1 | 52.8 ± 9.6 | 52.5 ± 8.1 | 0.51 | 0.55 |
LA, mm | 48 ± 8 | 48.9 ± 7.8 | 47.7 ± 6.8 | 50.2 ± 6.0 | 1 | 0.29 |
LVEDD, mm | 52 (47–56) | 52.8 ± 7.7 | 50.9 ± 7.5 | 52.5 ± 6.7 | 0.62 | 1 |
Coronary angiography | ||||||
≥ 1 vessel disease, n (%) | 58 (51.3) | 22 (46.8) | 24 (61.5) | 12 (44.4) | 0.17 | 0.84 |
Computed tomography | ||||||
Body fat depots | ||||||
EATi, mL/m2 | 51.4 ± 21.6 | 44.8 ± 23.0 | 52.6 ± 18.1 | 59.1 ± 21.8 | 0.04 | < 0.01 |
ITFi, mL | 132.1 ± 54.0 | 110.8 ± 45.7 | 139.5 ± 56.7 | 151.1 ± 51.9 | 0.02 | < 0.01 |
VAFi, cm2/m2 | 81.2 ± 36.8 | 59.9 ± 31.1 | 88.4 ± 31.3 | 100.6 ± 36.9 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
SAFi, cm2/m2 | 103.7 ± 43.5 | 77.4 ± 31.0 | 109.9 ± 41.1 | 130.2 ± 42.4 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
TAFi, cm2/m2 | 187.3 ± 71.5 | 136.8 ± 17.2 | 204.8 ± 71.5 | 230.8 ± 58.0 | < 0.001 | < 0.01 |
Aortic valve calcification | ||||||
Total mass score | 533 (277; 961) | 751 (344; 1144) | 516 (283; 883) | 456 (187; 908) | 0.04 | 0.03 |
RC mass score | 156 (77; 526) | 151 (65; 398) | 156 (83; 264) | 168 (64; 301) | 0.89 | 0.68 |
LC mass score | 237 (118; 401) | 279 (140; 472) | 239 (134; 375) | 171 (74; 284) | 0.43 | 0.05 |
NC mass score | 161 (77; 303) | 197 (110; 342) | 131 (81; 417) | 127 (38; 239) | 0.07 | 0.08 |
Deaths | ||||||
All-cause deaths, n (%) | 49 (28.8) | 21 (32.8) | 15 (24.2) | 13 (29.5) | 0.28 | 0.72 |
Cardiovascular related-deaths, n (%) | 25 (14.7) | 10 (17.2) | 7 (12.7) | 8 (19.5) | 0.50 | 0.77 |