Fig. 4
The effect of HFHF diet on the phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 in skeletal muscle and hepatic tissue after insulin treatment. After the 12-month feeding period, the soleus muscle (A) and liver (B) specimens were obtained and analyzed for insulin-stimulated phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) at S473 ex vivo. The specimens from each pig were treated with different concentrations of porcine insulin (0, 10, and 100 nM) for 30 min and the AKT phosphorylation levels were analyzed by western blot. The bar graph represents the value of p-AKTS473/pan-AKT normalized to insulin 0 nM treatment in each pig. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (low-fat diet, n = 3; HFHF diet, n = 4). Data bars with different letters are significantly different in the same dietary group by using LSD test (p < 0.05). *p < 0.05 indicates significant difference between two dietary groups on the same concentration treatment by using Student’s t test. NS not significant