Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Table 1 Summary of the effects of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism

From: Review article: effects of type 2 diabetes therapies on bone metabolism

	Bone markers		Bone mineral density	Risk of fractures
	Resorption	Formation	(BMD)	(RF)
Metformin	↑ [22]	↓ [22]	↔ [90]	↔ [21]
Thiazolidinediones	↑ [22]	↓ [22]	↓ [22, 26]	↑↑ [21]
Sulfonylureas	↔ [22]	↓ [22]	↔ [21, 39]	Conflicting results [21, 39]
GLP-1 RA	↓ [48]	↑ [45]	NA	NA
iDPP-4	↔ [67]	NA	↔[40]	↔ [58, 69]↓ [68]
iSGLT2	↑ [76]	↑ [76]	↓[73]^a ↔ [77, 83]	↑ [72, 79]^a ↔ [77, 78, 83]
Insulin	NA	NA	↑	↑ [89, 91]

↑ increases, ↓ decreases, ↔ neutral effect, NA data not available or insufficient evidence, BMD bone mineral density, RF risk of fractures
^aResults for canagliflozin only

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ISSN: 1758-5996

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