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Table 1 Body composition and biological parameters of study subjects before and after the exercise program

From: Endurance exercise training decreased serum levels of surfactant protein D and improved aerobic fitness of obese women with type-2 diabetes

  C   ET  
Before After p-value Before After p-value
Age (years) 43.5 ± 2.8    42 ± 3.6   
Weight (kg) 68.6 ± 2.31 71.34 ± 2.68 0.119 72.96 ± 2.39 69.32 ± 1.91 0.097
Height (m) 1.546 ± 3.1 1.546 ± 3.1 – 1.57.2 ± 6.4 1.57.2 ± 6.4 –
BMI (Kg/m2) 34.94 ± 1.09 36.32 ± 1.26 0.112 35.71 ± 0.86 33.99 ± 0.92 0.092
Waist circumstance (cm) 91.7 ± 3.06 93.98 ± 3.12 0.398 91.75 ± 1.9 87.85 ± 1.87 0.006
WHR 0.84 ± 0.2 0.838 ± 0.2 0.945 0.869 ± 0.25 00.825 ± 0.22 0.370
Fasting glucose (mg/dl) 138.8 ± 6.69 173.3 ± 15.8 0.075 130.7 ± 8.67 120.7 ± 11.23 a 0.575
Insulin (IU/l) 13.27 ± 1.08 13.3 ± 1.11 0.948 12.9 ± 0.85 12.47 ± 0.98 0.321
HOMA-IR 4.52 ± 0.46 5.54 ± 0.48 0.075 4.22 ± 0.51 3.72 ± 0.42 a 0.383
TG (mg/dl) 135.4 ± 10.17 145.5 ± 10.02 0.228 135.7 ± 10.2 122.44 ± 10.89 0.080
TC (mg/dl) 160.10 ± 6.7 166.6 ± 10.6 0.668 157 ± 8.14 150.07 ± 7.81 0.638
HDL-C (mg/dL) 48.6 ± 0.93 49.4 ± 1.19 0.502 47.2 ± 0.78 49.4 ± 1.76 0.502
LDL-C (mg/dl) 84.7 ± 5.8 84.0 ± 2.8 0.895 83.1 ± 4.1 76 ± 4.2 0.029
VO2max (ml/kg/min) 18.86 ± 3.6 19.71 ± 4.1 0.579 20.47 ± 4.3 25.5 ± 1.2 b 0.011
  1. BMI body mass index, HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, WHR Waist-to-hip ratio, TG Triglycerides, TC Total Cholesterol, LDL-C Low Density Lipoprotein, HDL-C High Density Lipoprotein
  2. Data are presented as mean ± S.E, p ≤ 0.05
  3. aIndicate significant differences within C and ET groups
  4. bRepresent significant differences between before and after exercise training in each group, N = 10 obese diabetic women per group
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