|
Age (years)
|
51.9 ± 10.1
|
57.6 ± 7.8
|
0.031
|
|
Duration of diabetes (years)
|
6.1 ± 4.5
|
7.7 ± 6.3
|
0.298
|
|
Smoking status (never/past/current)
|
6/14/10
|
6/11/6
|
0.081
|
|
Diabetes treatment
|
|
Sulphonylureas
|
10
|
9
|
0.575
|
|
α glucosidase inhibitors
|
9
|
7
|
0.888
|
|
Biguanides
|
6
|
1
|
0.107
|
|
Thiazolidines
|
2
|
0
|
0.217
|
|
Glinides
|
2
|
0
|
0.217
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
25.9 ± 4.4
|
23.7 ± 3.5
|
0.185
|
|
Total body fat (%)
|
25.5 ± 7.6
|
21.9 ± 6.2
|
0.342
|
|
Lean body mass (kg)
|
52.7 ± 6.0
|
50.0 ± 6.4
|
0.250
|
|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
139.2 ± 16.9
|
140.2 ± 21.2
|
0.942
|
|
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
85.6 ± 9.5
|
84.1 ± 11.3
|
0.707
|
|
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
|
5.31 ± 0.85
|
5.32 ± 0.97
|
0.509
|
|
Triglyceridea (mmol/l)
|
1.51 (1.04–2.32)
|
1.46 (0.88–1.90)
|
0.958
|
|
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)
|
1.23 ± 0.25
|
1.46 ± 0.33
|
0.022
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
7.5 ± 1.3
|
7.5 ± 1.0
|
0.700
|
|
Glycated albumin (%)
|
21.7 ± 4.8
|
23.5 ± 4.0
|
0.256
|
|
Peak \({\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{ 2}\) (ml/min/kg)
|
25.6 ± 5.2
|
27.0 ± 4.1
|
0.057
|
|
Peak \({\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{ 2}\) (%pred) (%)
|
97.3 ± 18.9
|
106.9 ± 15.1
|
0.052
|
|
FVC (%pred) (%)
|
110.5 ± 13.4
|
106.0 ± 12.8
|
0.366
|
|
FEV1 (%pred) (%)
|
105.3 ± 13.2
|
107.8 ± 14.3
|
0.766
|
|
FEV1/FVC (%)
|
78.8 ± 4.9
|
78.9 ± 4.2
|
0.369
|
|
Number of steps (/day)
|
6477 ± 2586
|
11,690 ± 4842
|
<0.001
|
|
Number of exercise bouts (/week)
|
0.9 ± 0.8
|
8.8 ± 6.6
|
<0.001
|
