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Table 1 Comparison of clinical and biochemical parameters following ABM-MNCs treatment

From: Autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells transplantation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: effect on β-cell function and insulin sensitivity

Parameters

Baseline (n = 7)

3 months (n = 7)

6 months (n = 7)

p value

Primary end point achieved

4

6

Weight (kg)

84.5(67.7–87.3)

82.7(69.6–88.5)

82.3 (70.1–85.3)

0.964

BMI (kg/m2)

29.3 (24.6–30.8)

28.6 (24.9–30.8)

28.6 (25.3–30.9)

0.964

Insulin requirement (IU/day)

76.0 (50.0–92.0)

38.0 (22.0–54.0)

38.0 (22.0–44.0)

0.002*

HbA1c (%) (mmol/mol)

6.8 (6.4–7.5)

6.5 (6.2–6.7)

6.8 (6.6–7.0)

0.102

51.0 (46.0–58.0)

48.0 (44.0–50.0)

51.0 (49.0–53.0)

FPG (mmol/L)

5.8 (5.0–6.2)

6.6 (5.0–6.76)

6.6 (6.2–6.6)

0.018*

Fasting C-pep (nmol/L)

0.5 (0.4–0.7)

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

0.4 (0.3–0.7)

0.368

Glucagon stimulated C-pep (nmol/L)

0.9 (0.4–1.3)

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

0.8 (0.5–1.0)

0.867

HOMA-IR (%)

1.2 (0.8–1.7)

1.3 (0.9–1.5)

0.9 (0.7–1.8)

0.565

HOMA-β (%)

69.4 (59.6–107.5)

60.2 (49.2–78.6)

52.3 (41.4–77.5)

0.651

HOMA-S (%)

83.7 (59.0–118.1)

79.8 (69.0–104.1)

107.9 (56.0–147.5)

0.565

Hypoglycemic episodes/patient/month

0.0 (0.0–3.0)

8.0 (5.0–11.0)

0.0 (0.0–3.0)

0.013*

Mixed meal tolerance test

 Fasting C-peptide (nmol/L)

0.5 (0.3–0.7)

0.3 (0.2–0.5)

0.612

 AUC of C-peptide (nmol/L)

179.9 (77.4–251.5)

151.9 (123.4–206.8)

1.000

 Peak C-peptide (nmol/L)

1.8 (1.1–3.3)

2.2 (1.6–2.6)

1.000

Hyperglycemic clamp study

 Fasting C-pep (nmol/L)

0.6 (0.5–0.8)

0.6 (0.4–0.9)

0.605

 AUC of 1st-phase C-peptide (nmol/L)

4.1 (1.9–5.9)

4.5 (2.9–6.8)

0.553

 AUC of 2nd-phase C-peptide (nmol/L)

52.6 (29.1–70.2)

74.0 (35.8–90.1)

0.018*

 Insulin sensitivity index (µmoles/kg/min/pmol/L)

0.2 (0.1–0.4)

 

0.2 (0.1–0.2)

0.066

Hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp study

 Glucose disposal rate (mg/kg min)

2.4 (1.9–2.9)

2.2 (1.9–2.8)

0.139

 Insulin sensitivity (mg/kg min/μU/mL)

3.4 (2.5–6.0)

3.4 (2.6–4.6)

0.553

  1. All values are expressed as median and interquartile range
  2. * Significant difference from baseline